晚明泰州学派“王氏三贤”诗歌简论

On the Poetry of the“Three Wangs”of the Taizhou School in the Late Ming Dynasty

作为晚明最具影响力的思想流派,泰州学派促进了平民儒学化思潮在晚明社会和文化领域的形成、流行和发展。王艮、王栋和王襞,是泰州学派的创立者和杰出代表人物,素有“淮南王氏三贤”之称。“王氏三贤”的诗歌从百姓生存需要、物质需求和情感渴望入手,面向民众并敦化民俗,是社会转型期主动推动文化发展的范例。他们的艺文实践表现出独特的美学风格,其中蕴含的泰州义理为晚明通俗文艺思潮提供了思想空间。“王氏三贤”诗歌的发展脉络,深刻展示了“淮南心学”与文学如何一步步走向协调统一的过程。

As the most influential school of thought in the late Ming Dynasty,Taizhou School played an important role in the formation,dissemination and development of Confucianism popularization in the social and cultural fields of at that time.Wang Gen,Wang Dong,and Wang Bi are the founders and outstanding representatives of the Taizhou School,acclaimed as the“three sages of the Wang family in Huainan”.The three Wangs express their concern for people’s livelihood,material and spiritual needs in their poetry,sympathizing with the common people and exerting a subtle influence on their character with Confucian demeanor and ideology,as role models for promoting cultural development during the period of social transformation.Their poetry represents a unique aesthetic style,and the philosophical principles of Taizhou school contained therein lay the ideological foundation for the popular literary and artistic trend of the late Ming Dynasty.The evolution of their poetry exemplifies the combination of Huannan school’s philosophy of mind and literary creation.