2014-2022年乌鲁木齐市手足口病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease Urumqi,Xinjiang,2014-2022

目的分析2014—2022年新疆乌鲁木齐市手足口病流行特征和病原学特征,以提供预防和控制该疾病的理论依据。方法收集传染病报告信息管理系统中2014—2022年乌鲁木齐市手足口病病例数据,并进行描述性分析。结果2014—2022年乌鲁木齐市累计报告手足口病病例17138例,年平均发病率为52.66/10万;总体呈下降趋势,5~7月是手足口病的高发月份。乌鲁木齐市发病率最高的前3位为新市区、沙依巴克区、天山区。男女比例为1.48∶1,男女发病率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.28,P>0.05)。发病集中在0~6岁,占病例总数的90.23%;以散居儿童为主,2017年以后其他肠道病毒成为优势毒株。结论新疆乌鲁木齐市手足口病近年来呈下降趋势,发病以学龄前儿童为主,其他肠道病毒成为当地的优势毒株,建议结合当地实际制定科学有效的防控措施,控制手足口病的流行。

Objective This study aims to analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)in Urumqi City,Xinjiang from 2014 to 2022,in order to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of HFMD in Urumqi City.Methods We collected and analyzed the reported HFMD cases in Urumqi City from the National Information System for Infectious Diseases Reporting during the period of 2014-2022.Results A total of 17138 cases of HFMD were reported in Urumqi City from 2014 to 2022,with an average annual incidence rate of 52.66/100000.The overall trend showed a decrease,and the peak months were from May to July.The top three districts with the highest incidence rates were High-tech Zone,Shayibake District,and Tianshan District.The male-to-female ratio was 1.48∶1,and there were statistically significant differences in the incidence rates among gender(χ^(2)=2.28,P>0.05).The majority of cases(90.23%)were children aged 0-6 years,primarily scattered children,and other enterovirus strains became dominant after 2017.Conclusion HFMD has shown a decreasing trend in Urumqi City,Xinjiang in recent years.The disease primarily affects pre-school children,and other enterovirus strains have become the dominant strains in the area.It is recommended to develop scientifically effective prevention and control measures based on the local situation to control the spread of HFMD.