2018-2021年云南省蒙自市居民死因监测结果分析

Surveillance results of causes of death among residents in Mengzi City,Yunnan Province,2018-2021

目的分析蒙自市居民的死亡率及其变化趋势、死因构成及顺位,为进一步开展疾病预防与控制工作提供依据。方法收集2018—2021年蒙自市的全死因数据,对其死亡率、期望寿命、去死因期望寿命及寿命损失情况进行回顾性分析。拟合Joinpoint回归模型分析年度变化百分比(APC),描述死亡趋势变化。结果居民的粗死亡率为633.88/10万,年龄标化死亡率为866.87/10万,粗死亡率及标化死亡率均呈显著下降趋势(APC=-1.73%,APC=-5.96%,P<0.05)。因慢性非传染性疾病(简称慢性病)而死亡者占死亡总数的76.44%。脑血管疾病(140.38/10万)、心脏病(104.24/10万)、恶性肿瘤(92.75/10万)、伤害(79.37/10万)、呼吸系统疾病(63.17/10万)依次为该市居民的前5位死因,占全部死因的75.71%。全人群、男性及女性的人均期望寿命分别为75.67岁、72.32岁和79.49岁。伤害、恶性肿瘤及脑血管疾病造成的潜在寿命损失年占全死因的65.45%。结论慢性病是蒙自市的防治工作重点。尤其应重点关注伤害、恶性肿瘤及脑血管疾病造成的健康损害及寿命损失。

Objective To analyze the mortality and its changing trend,and composition and order of causes of death of residents in Mengzi City,and to provide a basis for further disease prevention and control.Methods The death causes surveillance data from 2018 to 2021 were derived from the all-cause-of-death surveillance system in Mengzi City.A retrospective analysis was performed on the mortality rate,life expectancy,life expectancy eliminating causes of death,and life loss.The annual percentage change(APC)was analyzed by the Joinpoint regression model to describe changes in mortality trends.Results The overall crude mortality rate was 633.88/100000.The age-adjusted mortality was 866.87/100000.There was a significant downward trend in the crude and standardized mortality(APC=-1.73%,APC=-5.96%,P<0.05).Deaths due to chronic non-communicable diseases(NCDs)accounted for 76.44%of the total deaths.The top 5 causes of death of the residents were cerebrovascular diseases(140.38/100000),heart diseases(104.24/100000),malignant neoplasms(92.75/100000),injuries(79.37/100000),and respiratory diseases(63.17/100000)in order,accounting for 75.71%of all causes of death.Life expectancy was 75.67 years,72.32 years and 79.49 years in the wholepopulation,males and females,respectively.The potential life expectancy loss due to injury,malignant tumor and cerebrovascular disease accounted for 65.45%of all causes of death.Conclusion Chronic non-communicable diseases are the focus of prevention and control work in Mengzi City.Particular attention should be paid to the damage to health and loss of life caused by injuries,malignancies and cerebrovascular diseases.