2019-2022年自贡地区急性冠心病死亡特征及疾病负担分析

Epidemiological characteristics of mortality and disease burden of acute coronary heart disease among residents in Zigong between 2019-2022

目的探究2019—2022年自贡地区急性冠心病死亡特征及疾病负担变化,为急性冠心病的防治提供相关依据。方法收集2019年1月至2022年12月自贡市户籍居民急性冠心病的死亡数据,计算死亡率、早死损失寿命年(Years of life lost,YLL)率和伤残所致的健康寿命损失年(Years lived with disability,YLD)率,采用年度变化百分比(Annual percentage change,APC)比较率的趋势变化。结果2019年、2022年自贡地区急性冠心病死亡率分别为58.57/10万、62.03/10万,年平均增长4.44%(3.2%~6.02%),其变化趋势有统计学意义(P<0.05),且男性死亡率高于女性。急性冠心病死亡率随着年龄的增大而上升,尤其是45岁以上年龄组死亡率快速上升。YLL率由16.51‰增加到26.88‰,年平均增长5.10%(3.92%~6.28%),YLD率由33.16‰增加至36.18‰,年平均增长4.20%(3.04%~5.30%),变化趋势有统计学意义(P<0.05),且男性YLL率与YLD率均高于女性,年平均增加幅度也高于女性。结论2019—2022年自贡地区急性冠心病死亡率、YLL率和YLD率呈增长趋势,对该地区患病人群造成一定的疾病负担。在急性冠心病死亡事件中,男性和45岁以上的人群显示为需重点关注的高风险人群。

Objective To investigate the mortality characteristics and disease burden changes of acute coronary heart disease among residents in Zigong between 2019 and 2022,thus providing relevant basis for the prevention and treatment of acute coronary heart disease.Methods Data on the mortality of acute coronary heart disease among residents in Zigong between January 2019 and December 2022 were obtained.The mortality,Years of life lost(YLL)and years lived with disability(YLD)rates were calculated,and the annual percentage change(APC)statistics were used to characterize the magnitude and direction of trends.Results The morbidity rate of acute coronary heart disease in Zigong was 58.57/100000 in 2019 and 62.03/100000 in 2022,with an average annual increase of 4.44%(3.22%-6.02%).The total morbidity rate of acute coronary heart disease in males was higher than that in females.The acute coronary heart disease mortality rates showed an increase with age,with a particularly rapid increase in the 45+age group.From 2019 to 2022,the YLL rate of acute coronary heart disease increased from 16.51‰to 26.88‰,with an average annual increase of 5.10%(3.92%-6.28%),and YLD increased from 33.16‰to 36.18‰,with an average annual increase of 4.20%(3.04%-5.30%).Both YLL and YLD rates were higher in males than in females,and their average annual increases were also larger than those of females.Conclusion The mortality,YLL,and YLD rate of acute coronary heart disease in Zigong show an increasing trend from 2019 to 2022,which cause a certain disease burden to the affected population in the area.Among them,males and individuals over 45 years old are particularly at high risk for acute coronary heart disease mortality.