华南某铀矿区空气氡浓度特征及辐射剂量评价研究

Study on Air Radon Concentration and Radiation Dose in a Uranium Mining Area in South China

测定并评估华南某铀矿区居民的空气氡浓度及其辐射剂量,测量9个主要村庄室内外氡浓度,并计算年有效剂量,研究居民健康风险,提出相应防护建议。结果显示:研究区室内氡浓度范围113.1~189.8 Bq/m3,平均值为151.5 Bq/m3,显著高于我国和全球平均水平;室内氡浓度导致的年有效剂量范围为5.66~9.50 mSv/a,平均值为7.58 mSv/a;室外为0.97~1.27 mSv/a,平均为1.12 mSv/a,总年有效剂量平均值为8.70 mSv/a,为全球平均值的3.14倍。研究表明,肺和呼吸道胸外部受到的辐射剂量最高,平均值为20.87 mSv/a和25.04 mSv/a。建议通过增加通风、使用环保材料以及定期检测氡浓度来降低室内氡浓度,减少对居民健康的潜在危害。

Measure and evaluate the air radon concentration and radiation dose of residents in a uranium mining area in southern China,measure indoor and outdoor radon concentrations in 9 major villages,calculate annual effective doses,study residents'health risks,and propose corresponding protective suggestions.The results showed that the indoor radon concentration in the study area ranged from 113.1~189.8 Bq/m^(3),with an average of 151.5 Bq/m^(3),significantly higher than the average levels in China and globally;The annual effective dose range caused by indoor radon concentration is 5.66~9.50 mSv/a,with an average of 7.58 mSv/a;The outdoor dose is 0.97~1.27 mSv/a,with an average of 1.12 mSv/a.The average annual effective dose is 8.70 mSv/a,which is 3.14 times the global average.Research has shown that the lungs and respiratory tract receive the highest radiation dose outside the chest,with an average of 20.87 mSv/a and 25.04 mSv/a.It is recommended to reduce indoor radon concentration and minimize potential harm to residents'health by increasing ventilation,using environmentally friendly materials,and regularly monitoring radon concentration.