莱阳市蚬河人工湿地设计及运行分析

Analysis on the Design and Operation of Xianhe River Artificial Wetland in Laiyang City

五龙河是胶东第一大河流,流经栖霞市、莱阳市后注入黄海,蚬河是其重要支流。作为北方季节性河流,蚬河在非雨季的主要水源为莱阳市第一污水处理厂尾水。但是,该尾水属于劣Ⅴ类微污染水,仍然对五龙河流域乃至海湾水质安全构成威胁。蚬河人工湿地水质净化及生态修复工程采用“多级表流湿地+生态塘岛”组合工艺,对蚬河微污染水进行生态净化,实现水质从劣Ⅴ类提升至优于Ⅴ类的净化目标。该项目通过挺水植物带、基底修复、人工水草、生物滞留塘和沉水植物塘等生态修复措施恢复蚬河退化的生态系统。该项目利用城市河道构建水质净化型人工湿地,并对河道生态进行修复,为用地紧张的水环境治理项目提供借鉴。

Wulong River is the largest river in Jiaodong,flowing through Qixia city and Laiyang city before emptying into the Yellow Sea,with Xianhe River being an important tributary.As a seasonal river in the north,the main source of water for Xianhe River during non rainy seasons is the tail water from the first sewage treatment plant in Laiyang city.However,the tailwater belongs to Class Ⅴ slightly polluted water,which still poses a threat to the water quality and safety of the Wulong River Basin and even the bay.The water quality purification and ecological restoration project of the Xianhe artificial wetland adopts the combination process of"multi-stage surface flow wetland+ecological pond island"to ecologically purify the slightly polluted water of the Xianhe River,achieving the purification goal of improving the water quality from poor Class Ⅴ to better than Class Ⅴ.This project aims to restore the degraded ecosystem of Xianhe River through ecological restoration measures such as emergent plant belts,substrate restoration,artificial aquatic plants,biological retention ponds,and submerged plant ponds.This project utilizes urban river channels to construct water purification artificial wetlands and restore the river ecology,providing reference for water environment management projects with tight land use.