重大突发公共卫生事件何以影响博士后学术发展——基于生态系统理论的分析

How Does Major Public Health Emergency Affects the Academic Development of Postdocs?-Analysis Based on Ecological System Theory

新冠疫情作为一起重大突发公共卫生事件,其所特有的紧迫性和不确定性给全球博士后的学术发展带来了极大的冲击。基于生态系统理论,采用主题分析法对《自然》杂志2020年全球博士后调查中的留言文本进行质性研究,发现疫情之下的博士后呈现出“忙碌不堪、孤立无援、夹缝求生、心灰意冷”四种学术生存状态。以“生态系统模型”为分析框架,发现博士后与环境之间存在四幅动态互动图景:多重角色冲突消耗学术发展精力、人际交往割裂阻碍学术发展支持、外界环境变迁制约学术发展实践、制度文化约束削弱博士后学术发展志趣。建议博士后理性看待疫情带来的环境变化,努力调整心理状态、积极寻求支持;此外,需完善组织支持保障、构建良好学术环境,以帮助博士后更好地应对公共危机挑战,充分实现学术发展。

As a public health emergency,the COVID-19with unique urgency and uncertainty has brought great impact on the academic development of postdocs around the world.Based on the Ecological System Theory,the thematic analysis was used to study the message texts of the Nature Research's inaugural postdoc survey in 2020,and found that the postdocs under the pandemic showed four academic survival statuses of“fatigued,isolated,struggling and dispirited”.Taking the Ecological System Model as the analytical framework,it was found that there are four dynamic interactive pictures between postdocs and the environment:conflict among multiple roles consumes the academic development energy,separation of interpersonal interaction hinders the academic development support,change of external environment restricts the academic development practice,fetter of institution and culture erases the academic development interest.It is suggested that postdocs should rationally view the environmental changes brought about by the pandemic,try to adjust their mental state and actively seek support.In addition,it is necessary to improve the organizational support and build a good academic environment,so as to help the postdocs to better cope with the public crisis challenges and fully realize the academic development.