反刍动物瘤胃微生物与机体协同代谢酪氨酸-多巴通路机制研究进展

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Synergistic Metabolism Through Tyrosine-DOPA Pathway Between Rumen Microorganisms and Ruminants

酪氨酸作为芳香族氨基酸,目前研究多涉及黑色素,涉及酪氨酸与反刍动物瘤胃微生物及宿主机体互作的研究报道较少。相关研究认为,酪氨酸缺乏会导致瘤胃微生物中原虫、细菌(包括瘤胃蛋白质降解菌)的生长受限,补充酪氨酸则会促进瘤胃微生物的生长并协同机体代谢,进而通过酪氨酸-多巴通路影响机体行为与健康。本文综述了酪氨酸通过影响反刍动物瘤胃微生物代谢进而影响机体的机制,以期为养殖生产中通过酪氨酸调控反刍动物瘤胃微生物发酵,进而改善反刍动物行为与健康提供一定的研究思路。

Tyrosine,an aromatic amino acid,is mostly involved in the research on melanin,and there are few reports on the interaction of tyrosine with rumen microorganisms and ruminant hosts.Relevant studies suggested that tyrosine deficiency leads to a limited growth of rumen microorganisms,including protozoa and bacteria(such as rumen protein-degrading bacteria),while tyrosine supplementation promotes the growth of rumen microorganisms,which coordinate with the body metabolism,affecting the host behavior and health through the tyrosine-DOPA pathway.This article reviews the mechanisms of tyrosine affecting the rumen microbial metabolism and further affecting the host body,with the aim of providing some ideas for improving ruminant behavior and health by regulating fermentation of rumen microbes through tyrosine supplementation in breeding industry.