高标准农田建设能遏制耕地“非粮化”吗?

Can High-standard Farmland Construction Prevent the“Non-grain”Use of Cultivated Land?

把高标准农田建设作为一项准自然实验,构建连续型双重差分模型,基于省级面板数据考察高标准农田建设对耕地“非粮化”的影响及作用机制。研究发现:相较于控制组,高标准农田建设使实验组耕地“非粮化”程度下降了3.64%,表明高标准农田建设对耕地“非粮化”具有显著且持续强化的抑制效应,经过模型适用性和多重稳健性检验后结果依然可信;该政策效应因区域粮食功能定位、粮食熟制、粮食作物种类和地形条件不同而表现出明显差异,粮食主产区、高熟制地区、水稻主种植区和非平原地区高标准农田建设对耕地“非粮化”的抑制效应更明显;地块规模扩张、种植模式变革和比较成本优势是高标准农田建设抑制耕地“非粮化”的三条重要途径。研究结论的政策启示为:在建设农业强国过程中,应加快新一轮高标准农田建设,尽快补齐耕地质量短板;同时严格落实高标准农田利用优先序,彻底扭转耕地“非粮化”势头,为实现“藏粮于地”战略目标提供支撑。

Taking the policy of constructing high-standard farmland as a natural experiment,a continuous differential model was constructed to investigate the impact and mechanism of high-standard farmland construction on farmland“non-grain”based on provincial panel data.The results have shown that compared to the control group,the construction of high standard farmland reduced the degree of“non-grain”of farmland in the experimental group by 3.64%,indicating that the construction of high standard farmland has a significant and sustained inhibitory effect on the“non-grain”of farmland.After model applicability and multiple robustness tests,the results are still reliable.The effect of this policy varies significantly due to differences in regional grain functional positioning,grain maturity,types of grain crops and terrain conditions.The inhibitory effect of high standard farmland construction on the“non-grain”of cultivated land is more pronounced in major grain producing areas,high maturity areas,rice planting areas,and non plain areas.Moreover,the expansion of land plots,changes in planting patterns,and comparative cost advantages are three important ways to prevent the“nongrain”of farmland through the construction of high standard farmland.Therefore,in the process of building a strong agricultural country,we should accelerate the new round of high-standard farmland construction and make up for the shortcomings in farmland quality as soon as possible.At the same time,we should strictly implement the priority order of high standard farmland utilization,completely reverse the trend of“non-grain”of arable land,and provide support for achieving the strategic goal of“Storing Food in Land”.