114例功能性构音障碍儿童舌根音异常的自愈情况分析

Analysis of Self-healing of 114 Children with Functional Dysarthria with Abnormal Root Sound

目的研究4~12岁不同年龄未经构音训练的舌根音异常患儿的自愈情况,以期为患者制定合适的康复方案。方法回顾性分析昆明市儿童医院2019~2020年114例功能性构音障碍(FAD)且含有舌根音异常的儿童,拒绝行康复训练仅长期门诊回访,1年后对患儿舌根音再次评估,分析患儿舌根音自愈情况与年龄和错误形式之间的关系。结果114例舌根音异常儿童首次就诊时共错误287频次,其中有35例(30.70%)自愈。按年龄分:各年龄组自愈率由高到低依次为4~5岁组19例(45.24%)、5~6岁组13例(27.08%)、6~7岁组2例(14.29%)、7~12岁组1例(10.00%),各年龄组自愈率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.254,P=0.041)。按辅音错误形式,辅音脱落自愈率最高(41.46%),辅音替代次之(40.76%),辅音歪曲最低(16.67%),三种错误形式自愈率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.003,P=0.007)。按照不同舌根音分:/h/音自愈率最高(31/60.78%),/k/音次之(40,32.26%),/g/音最低(35,31.25%),三个舌根音自愈率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=15.172,P<0.001)。男性患儿与女性患儿自愈率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.311,P=0.252)。结论FAD患儿舌根音自愈率与年龄、错误形式及错误的舌根音有关,与性别无关。

Objective To investigate the self-healing status of children with abnormal tongue root sounds at different age stages of 4 to 12 years old who have not received articulation training,and to provide correct guidance plans for patients.Methods Through retrospective analysis,114 cases of children diagnosed with functional dysarthria and abnormal root of tongue in Kunming children's hospital from 2019 to 2020 who refused to do rehabilitation training but could receive long-term outpatient follow-up visit,were selected.The follow-up visit was conducted one year later to reevaluate the root of tongue of the children,and the relationship between the self-healing situation of the children's root of tongue and age and wrong form was statistically analyzed.Results Among the 114 children with abnormal root sound,35 cases(30.70%)healed by themselves.The self-healing rates of each age group were as follows:4~5 years old(45.24%),5~6 years old(27.08%),6~7 years old(14.29%),7~12 years old(10.00%).The self-healing rate of all age groups was significant(χ^(2)=8.254,P=0.041).There were 287 frequency of errors in 114 cases,among which the self-healing rate of consonant loss was the highest(41.46%),followed by consonant substitution(40.76%),and consonant distortion was the worst(16.67%).The overall difference of the three error forms was statistically significant(χ^(2)=10.003,P=0.007).According to different root sounds,the self-healing rate of/h/sound was the highest(31/60.78%),followed by/k/sound(40,32.26%),and/g/sound was the worst(35,31.25%).There was significant difference among the three root sounds(χ^(2)=15.172,P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the self-healing rate between male and female children(χ^(2)=1.311,P=0.252).Conclusion The rate of root sound healing in children with functional articulation disorder was related to age,wrong form and wrong root sound,but not gender.