云南部分地区畜禽肉中沙门氏菌的污染状况及其耐药性

Contamination Status and Drug Resistance of Salmonella in Livestock and Poultry Meat in Some Areas of Yunnan Province

【目的】了解云南省部分地区生鲜畜禽肉中沙门氏菌(Salmonella)的污染及其耐药情况。【方法】采集生鲜畜禽肉样164份,对沙门氏菌分离培养后,运用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱技术进行鉴定;采用玻片凝集法分析沙门氏菌血清型,并通过脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)进行分子分型和聚类分析;再用药敏检测板(微量肉汤稀释法)对沙门氏菌进行14种抗生素药敏试验。【结果】164份样品中,有12份样品检出沙门氏菌19株,总检出率为7.32%;分属于5个血清群,B群最多(10株,占52.60%);主要血清型包括鼠伤寒沙门氏菌5株、圣保罗沙门氏菌3株、甲型副伤寒沙门氏菌2株和鸭沙门氏菌2株。15株沙门氏菌PFGE分型产生14条不同的带型,表明畜禽肉中的少数沙门氏菌存在地域聚集,且存在交叉污染。19株沙门氏菌中有17株对抗生素耐药,多重耐药率为68.42%。【结论】生鲜畜禽肉中沙门氏菌检出率较高,呈现多重血清型,存在地域交叉污染,且耐药情况较为严重,需加强生肉制品卫生管理及抗生素使用管理。

[Purpose]To investigate the contamination and drug resistance of Salmonella in fresh livestock and poultry meat in some areas of Yunnan Province.[Methods]A total of 164 samples of fresh livestock and poultry meat were collected.Salmonella was isolated and cultured,and identified by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.Salmonella serotypes were analyzed by slide agglutination,and molecular typing and cluster analysis were performed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE).The antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella to 14 kinds of antibiotics was carried out by using the detection plate(microbroth dilution method).[Results]A total of 19 Salmonella strains were detected in 12 of 164 samples,with a total detection rate of 7.32%.Serotyping revealed five serogroups,among them,the highest number of serotypes in group B(ten strains,52.6%).Major serotypes included S.typhimurium(five strains),S.saintpaul(three strains),S.paratyphia(two strains)and S.anatum(two strains).PFGE classification had produced 14 different PFGE patterns among 15 strains of Salmonella,indicating a small number of Salmonella in livestock and poultry meat were localized,and there was a regional cross contamination.Out of 19 strains of Salmonella,17 strains were antibiotic resistant,with a multidrug resistance rate of 68.42%.[Conclusion]The detection rate of Salmonella in livestock and poultry meat is high,it presents multiple serotypes,cross-contamination exists,and the drug resistance is serious.It is necessary to strengthen the hygienic management of livestock and poultry meat products and the management of antibiotic use.