科学话语何以主导文化体系——福柯“知识-权力”结构的理论效应

How Scientific Discourse Dominates Cultural Systems:The Theoretical Effect of Foucault's “Knowledge-Power” Structure

福柯通过对“知识-权力”双向互动关系的深刻阐释,展开了对科学话语生成过程及其现实效用的哲学反思。在福柯看来,现实社会中的科学话语与权力是一种共生的关系。科学话语在权力的加持下逐渐攀附至文化体系的巅峰,其权威身份和主导地位回落于具体的社会实践领域便自然成为巩固权力的最佳助手。科学话语在与权力的合谋中完成了对社会的治理,进而衍生出对文化的掌控力量。因而,福柯指出科学话语所蕴含的权力机制正是科学话语能够主导文化体系的关键因素。福柯的这一思路对消解科学话语的权力属性,澄清科学话语的真实地位以及塑造平等开放的文化体系具有重要的理论启示。

Foucault profoundly explained the bilateral interaction between knowledge and power. He launched a philosophical reflection on the process of scientific discourse generation and its practical utility. In Foucault's opinion, scientific discourse and power in the real society have a symbiotic relationship. Under the support of power, scientific discourse has gradually become the most mainstream language system in the cultural system. The authoritative status and dominant position of scientific discourse falls back to the specific field of social practice as the best assistant to consolidate power. Scientific discourse accomplishes the governance of society in the process of collusion with power. And then scientific discourse dominates the cultural system.Foucault pointed out that the power mechanism contained in scientific discourse is the key factor that scientific discourse can dominate the cultural system. Foucault's thought has important theoretical implications for dismantling the power properties of scientific discourse, clarifying the true status of scientific discourse and shaping an egalitarian and open cultural system.