为赋乃俳,自悔类倡——汉代赋家位同俳优论与汉代俳谐文赋

Writing Fu(A Kind of Prose in the Han Dynasty)Is Like a Clown,and I Regret that I Am Similar to a Clown——On the Position of Fu Writers in the Han Dynasty Being Equal to Clown and the Humorous Fu in the Han Dynasty

本文从汉前“俳优”群体的特点及地位入手,结合《汉书》中有关汉代赋家“位同俳优”的论述对汉代赋家的身份认同问题进行辨析。其次,结合西汉赋家创作的俳谐风格文赋作品与相关史料,梳理汉代俳谐文赋的产生及流变历程,并据此分析西汉赋家晚年的“自悔”心理。最后,以东汉俳谐文赋创作情况与汉末“鸿都门学”事件探讨汉代“经学”与“文学”、“经学之士”与“文学之士”(特别是赋家)的辩证统一关系。

This paper starts with the characteristics and status of the“clown”group before the Han Dynasty,and discriminates and analyzes the identity of the Fu writers in the Han Dynasty based on the dis-cussion of“the position of Fu writers is the same as that of clowns”in the History of the Han Dyn-asty.Secondly,combined with the humorous Fu works created by the Fu writers in the Western Han Dynasty and relevant historical materials,this paper sorts out the emergence and evolution of humorous Fu in the Han Dynasty,and analyzes the“self-regret”psychology of the Fu writers in their later years in the Western Han Dynasty.Finally,it discusses the dialectical unity between“Confucian classics”and“literature”,“scholars of Confucian classics”and“scholars of literature”(especially Fu writers)in the Han Dynasty,based on the creation of humorous Fu in the Eastern Han Dynasty and the“Hongdu Gate School”incident at the end of the Han Dynasty.