行政应急权行使的条件及其限度探究

Study on the Conditions and Limits of the Exercise of Administrative Emergency Power

行政应急权是非常态下的一项特殊权力,具有应急性、条件性、有限性及行政权力属性。行政机关在满足存在现实或是较大可能发生的突发事件、行使权力的主体适格、主观上要有维护公共利益的目的和采取的应急措施不得超过必要限度这一系列条件的情况下行使该权力来快速恢复正常秩序。当然,行政应急权不是无限权力,它的行使必须坚持依法行政原则、比例原则、严守正当程序原则并且不得超过权利克减的最低限度。

The right of administrative emergency is a special power under abnormal conditions,which has the characteristics of emergency,condition,limitation and administrative power attributes.The administrative organ exercises the power to restore normal order quickly under the conditions that there are real or highly likely emergencies,the subject of exercising power is suitable,the objective of safeguarding public interests subjectively and the emergency measures taken should not exceed the necessary limit.Of course,administrative emergency power is not unlimited pow-er,and its exercise must adhere to the principle of administration according to law,the principle of proportionality,strictly abide by the principle of due process,and must not exceed the mini-mum of right derogation.