短期自由刑假释制度改革

Reform of the Short-Term Free Punishment and Parole System

当下,我国犯罪结构呈现“双升”“双降”趋势,实务中短期自由刑大量涌现,短刑犯在监狱中比例越来越大。短期自由刑的弊端早已被国内外的大量研究充分证实,但其本身所具备的诸多价值却不容忽视。相较于直接废除,保留并完善短期自由刑才是妥当之举。在诸多改革措施中,提前释放短刑犯有助于从根本上解决交叉感染等短期自由刑的弊端,而短刑犯自身较小的再犯可能性、人身危险性、主观恶性以及教育刑实际效果的不佳更是让提前释放短刑犯具备可行性,而司法实务中短刑犯却因诸多原因不易减刑、假释,导致大量短刑犯只能羁押在监,承受短期自由刑的弊端。通过对比国外的相关制度。本文设想采取减刑假释合二为一的提前释放制度。通过事前给予,事后根据不良表现撤销的方式,一方面提高了执行机关操作的便捷性,扩大假释的适用范围,大幅减少在监短刑犯的数量;另一方面有助于激励短刑犯改过自新,提高教育矫正的效果。

At present,the criminal structure in China shows a trend of“double rise”and“double fall”.In prac-tice,a large number of short-term free sentences emerge,and the proportion of short prisoners in prison is increasing.The disadvantages of short-term free punishment have been fully confirmed by a large number of studies at home and abroad,but its many values can not be ignored.Compared with direct abolition,it is appropriate to preserve and perfect short-term free punishment.In many reform measures,early release short prisoners helps to fundamentally solve the disadvantages of short-term free cross infection,and short punishment own small recidivism possibility,personal risk,subjective malignant and education of actual effect is to let early release short prisoners have feasibility,while the judicial practice is not easy to commutation and parole,lead to a large number of short prisoners can only be detained in prison,bear the disadvantages of short-term free punish-ment.By comparing the relevant foreign systems.This paper envisions the early release system of commutation and parole.Through the way of revocation in advance and after the bad performance,it improves the convenience of the executive organ,expands the scope of parole,and greatly reduces the number of short prisoners in prison;on the other hand,it helps to encourage the short prisoners to reform and reform,and improve the effect of educational correction.