数字经济时代我国数据犯罪刑法规制的挑战与应对

Challenges and Responses to the Criminal Law Regulation of Data Crimes in China in the Digital Economy Era

数字经济时代下,我国数据犯罪呈现新的发展趋势,具有企业性、大批量以及公开性等特点。数据利用安全法益关乎我国经济市场的稳定性,只有加强数据安全规则制定,顺应大数据反垄断的公共政策需求,才能变消极防御为积极管控。为此,本文从数据刑事保护法益的界定和数据犯罪构成要件两个方面出发,详细分析了数字经济时代我国数据犯罪刑法规制所面临的挑战,并从明晰数据犯罪法益保护内涵、细化数据分类模式、重释犯罪行为要件以及建立结果量化标准四个方面提出应对路径,以期提升数据利用安全,推动社会长远稳定发展。

In the era of digital economy,data crimes in China have shown new development trends,character-ized by enterprise,large-scale,and openness.The legal interests of data utilization security are re-lated to the stability of China’s economic market.Only by strengthening the formulation of data security rules and complying with the public policy needs of big data anti-monopoly can we trans-form passive defense into active control.Therefore,this article analyzes in detail the challenges faced by China’s criminal law regulation of data crimes in the digital economy era from two aspects:the definition of legal interests in data criminal protection and the constituent elements of data crimes.It proposes a response path from four aspects:clarifying the connotation of legal interests protection of data crimes,refining the data classification mode,reinterpreting the elements of crim-inal behavior,and establishing quantitative standards for results,in order to enhance data utiliza-tion security and promote long-term social stability and development.