农村贫困影响城镇家庭社会捐助?——基于CFPS的经验证据

Does Rural Poverty Affect Urban Households’Social Donation?Empirical Evidence Based on CFPS

家庭的社会捐助行为与所在地区的社会经济状况和制度环境紧密相关。本文利用2010、2012、2014、2016、2018五年的中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,分析农村贫困对本省城镇家庭社会捐助支出的影响。研究结果表明,当农村贫困率上升,本省城镇家庭社会捐助支出呈明显增长,尤其是处于最高和最低收入阶层的城镇家庭;社会信任度高、贫富差距感强、生活在贫富差距较大地区的城镇家庭,面对农村贫困,选择了更高的社会捐助水平。城镇家庭以提高社会捐助支出的方式应对农村贫困,既源于家庭的自主选择,也与体制内的捐助促进作用有关,尤其对于中等收入家庭,户主在体制内单位就业对家庭社会捐助的促进作用更为明显。我国现有的社会捐助体制既尊重和支持居民家庭的捐助意愿,也发挥了我国的制度优势,促进了社会捐助所代表的第三次分配与再分配在反贫困领域协调配合,实现第三次分配与国家发展目标的一致性。

The households'social donation behavior is closely related to the socio-economic situation and institutional environment in their living areas.The paper uses 2010,2012,2014,2016,2018 five years of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)data to analyze effects of rural poverty on social donation expenditure of urban households in the same province.The research results suggest that when the rural poverty rate is rising,social donation expenditure of urban households in the same province will show significant growing,especially urban households in the highest and lowest income brackets and urban households with high social trust,with strong sense of wealth gap,living in the areas with greater wealth gap,will choose higher level of social donation in the face of rural poverty.The urban households responding to rural poverty by means of increasing social donation expenditure result from not only their autonomous choice,but also donation promotion effect within the system,which is more significant for middle-income households with household heads employed in work units within the system.The existing social donation system in China both respects and supports donation will of residential households,and also leverages the institutional advantages of China,which promotes coordination and cooperation between the third distribution represented by social donation and redistribution in the anti-poverty field,and makes the third distribution and national development goals keep consistency.