中西部太平洋渔业委员会渔船租赁机制的分析与探讨

Analysis of vessel charter mechanism of Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission

中西部太平洋渔业委员会于2004年成立,是养护和管理中西部太平洋海域高度洄游鱼类资源的区域渔业管理组织。目前共有26个成员方、7个参与领地和9个合作非成员,其中19个是小岛屿发展中国家和领地。小岛屿发展中国家专属经济区内具有丰富的渔业资源,且具有较强的开发潜力;远洋渔业国家具有较强的捕捞能力,但缺乏理想的作业渔场。为解决远洋渔业国家捕捞机会和渔场不足的问题,同时考虑到小岛屿发展中国家发展本国金枪鱼渔业的迫切需要,中西部太平洋渔业委员会在2009年第六次年会期间通过了渔船租赁通报的措施。本文通过对中西部太平洋渔业委员会渔船租赁机制的探讨,分析了我国渔船被小岛屿发展中国家租赁的现状,针对渔船租赁机制存在的局限性问题,建议我国应积极推动和南太平洋岛国建立长期租赁机制,推动政府间双边合作,深化在岛国陆地投资,增加远洋渔船被租赁的机会,为我国远洋渔业企业赢得生存空间;在配额和渔船数量受到限制的情况下,应探究多种合作方式,积极参与国际事务,争取合法权益。

The Western and Central Pacific FisheriesCommission(WCPFC),a regional fishery management organization,was established in 2004,which is responsible for conserving and managing the highly migratory fish stocks in Western and Central Pacific Ocean.There are currently 26 members,7 participating territories and 9 cooperating non-members parties,of them,19 belong to small island developing states(SIDS).SIDS have abundant fishery resources and good fishing grounds in the exclusive economic zone,and the potential to be exploited in the future.Distant Water Fishing Nations(DWFN)have fishing capacity to exploit the tuna stocks,but not the ideal fishing grounds.In order to increase the fishing opportunity and explore fishing grounds for DWFN,and facilitate SIDS tuna fisheries,the WCPFC adopted the conservation and management measures of vessel charter notification during the sixth regular session of WCPFC in 2009.By analyzing the vessel charter mechanism of WCPFC,in this article we presented the current situation of the Chinese-flag tuna fishing vessels chartered by SIDS,aiming to overcome the limitations of the vessel charter mechanism.China should actively promote the establishment of multi-year charter mechanisms with SIDS,continue to promote bilateral cooperation among SIDS governments,increase land-based investment in island countries,and enhance the possibility of Chinese-flag tuna fishing vessel being chartered,thus win the living space for China distant water enterprises.While quotas and the number of vessels are restricted,a variety of cooperation methods should be explored,actively participate in the international affairs and fight for legitimate rights and interests.