275份辣椒种质资源表型性状的遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis of phenotypic traits among 275 chili pepper germplasm resources

为明确贵州辣椒研究所收集的辣椒种质资源的遗传多样性,探究不同地区的种质资源多样性水平,对来自国内外不同地区的275份辣椒种质资源的18个表型性状,开展了遗传多样性、相关性、主成分和聚类分析。结果表明,275份材料整体变异系数在17.06%~84.02%;相关性分析表明,有40对表型性状之间的相关系数达到显著或极显著水平;主成分分析结果表明,前7个主成分共同承载了76.41%的变异度;通过聚类分析可将275份种质资源分为5个类群,除少数辣椒种质资源外,5个类群的种质资源多个性状均表现出比较明显的差异性和互补性,同时不同类群间存在比较明显的地域性特征或独特的表型特征。研究结果可为贵州辣椒新品种选育和改良的优异亲本材料的选择提供有效支撑。

To clarify the genetic diversity of chili germplasm resources collected by the Guizhou Chili Research Institute and explore the diversity levels of germplasm resources from different regions,a study was conducted on 275 chili germplasm resources from various domestic and international regions.The study analyzed 18 phenotypic traits,focusing on genetic diversity,correlation,principal component analysis,and cluster analysis.The results showed that the overall coefficient of variation for the 275 samples ranged from 17.06%to 84.02%.Correlation analysis indicated that 40 pairs of phenotypic traits had significant or extremely significant correlation.Principal component analysis revealed that seven principal components collectively accounted for 76.41%of the variability.Cluster analysis classified the 275 resources into five groups.Except for a few chili germplasm resources,the five groups exhibited noticeable differences and complementarities in multiple traits.Additionally,there were distinct regional characteristics or unique phenotypic features among the different groups.The findings provide effective support for selecting superior parent materials for the breeding and improvement of new chili varieties in Guizhou.