基于隶属函数法的设施甜瓜复配基质综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of facility melon compound substrate based on membership function method

筛选出以农业废弃物为主要原料的设施甜瓜栽培基质配方,为优化设施甜瓜基质栽培技术提供参考。将牛粪、羊粪、菇渣、菜籽油渣、珍珠岩为原料按不同体积比设置6个处理,研究不同基质配方对甜瓜生育期植株株高、茎粗、叶片数、叶绿素含量、果实的形态指标、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,T3处理(V_(牛粪)∶V_(菇渣)∶V_(油渣)∶V_(珍珠岩)=4∶3∶0.5∶2)的甜瓜全生育期植株长势和叶片SPAD优于其他各处理,苗期增加幅度最大,且甜瓜产量、果实中维生素C含量、可溶性糖含量和可溶性固形物含量及固酸比、糖酸比均显著高于土壤栽培(TR)和商品基质栽培(CK),且可滴定酸和有机酸含量均显著低于TR和CK,隶属函数平均值为0.920,高于其他处理。综上所述,甜瓜在T3配方下的生长状况最好,更适宜作为设施甜瓜的栽培基质。

The research aimed to screen out the substrate formula of facility melon cultivation with agricultural waste as the main raw material,so as to provide reference for the substrate cultivation technology of facility melon.Taking cow dung,sheep dung,mushroom residue,rapeseed oil residue and perlite as raw materials,six treatments were set up according to different volume ratios.The effects of different matrix formulations on plant height,stem diameter,leaf number,SPAD,fruit morphological index,yield and fruit quality of melon during growth period were studied.The results showed that under T3 treatment(cow dung∶mushroom residue∶rapeseed oil residue∶perlite=4∶3∶0.5∶2),the plant growth and leaf SPAD of melon during the whole growth period were significantly better than those of other treatments,and the increase in seedling stage was the largest.The yield of melon,vitamin C content,soluble sugar content,soluble solids content,solid-acid ratio and sugar-acid ratio were significantly higher than soil cultivation(TR)and commercial substrate(CK,peat∶vermiculite∶perlite=1∶1∶1),and the organic acid and titratable acid content were significantly lower than CK and TR.The average value of membership function was 0.920,which was higher than that of other treatments.In summary,under T3 formula,melon has the best growth status and T3 is more suitable as a cultivation substrate for facility melon.