论全球治理的“理论赤字”及其纾解

The Theoretical Deficit of Global Governance and Its Mitigation

“治理”在理论与实践中有三种意涵:作为“现代公共管理最新表现形态”的治理、作为“国家治理体系和治理能力现代化”的治理、作为“创造真正全球史的实践形态”的治理。全球治理赤字栖居于全球治理“理论赤字”所产生的各领域概念衔接不当、通约不足的“裂缝”之中,需要借助学科交叉方法对三种形态的内在关系加以贯连。三种“治理”形态相互涵养,一荣俱荣。就公共管理学而言,全球政治与行政应“分而析之”与合而治之,拥护以联合国为核心的国际体系,使联合国成为全球治理公共权威和全球公共政策的有力载体。从国家治理与全球治理的局部与整体关系来看,将国家主权作为以人为本的、联结人民民主和国际关系民主的概念,以“治平同构”超越“治平异构”,使国家善治与全球善治之间分野清晰、良性互促。从“治理向全球治理”转变的历史演化趋势看,应坚持以“共同”为方法论来创造“协商、建设和分享”的全球治理本体,开创从“全球特征”向“全球特色”过渡的历史。

Governance has three meanings in theory and practice:as"the newest manifestation of modern public management",as"the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity"and as"the practical form of creating a true global history".The deficit of global governance lies in the""cracks"caused by the deficit of global governance theory.It is necessary to link the internal relations of the three forms by means of interdisciplinary methods.The three forms of"governance"cultivate each other and prosper together.As far as public management is concerned,global politics and administration should be separated from each other in analysis and practiced by combination,support the international system with the United Nations as the core,and make the UN the public authority of global governance and the powerful carrier of global public policies.From the perspective of the partial and overall relationship between national governance and global governance,sovereignty is regarded as a people-oriented concept that links people's democracy and democracy in international relations,and the concept of structural discrepancy is replaced by structural similarity between global and national governance,so that the distinction between good national governance and good global governance is clear and benign.Judging from the historical evolution trend of the transition from"governance to global governance"',we should adhere to the sense of community as methodology to create the global governance ontology of consultation,construction and sharing,and create the history of the transition from"global features"to"global characteristics".