教师评价数据化的生成隐忧与价值旨归

The Datafication of Teacher Evaluation:The Malaise for Its Generation and Its Ultimate Value

人类社会正迈向数字时代,数据在现代教育发展中的重要性不断增强。数字时代世界各国的中小学教师评价日益强调充分利用数字技术和教育测评工具,通过数据反映教师的专业价值,衡量教师的专业效能。对教师的教育实践进行数据化监控,并将教师的教育价值进行数据化换算,数字时代的教师评价正引导教师成为数据化的教师。教师的数据化作为数据化教师的生成逻辑,受来自国家、市场和专业三重逻辑的交织形塑。在国家的治理逻辑下,基于表现的教师问责制在增强教师发展效能的同时,产生了一种透明性的悖论。在市场的效率逻辑下,私人资本在提升教师评价效率的同时,导致教师面临一种数字异化的隐忧。在专业的知识生产逻辑下,数字技术在推动教师专业知识迭代更新的同时,令教师面临去专业化的风险。走出数据崇拜的迷雾,是推动现代教师评价解放教师主体性的关键。需要坚持数据为用的基本原则,以解决使用什么样的数据、如何使用数据评价等问题,赋能教师主体性建构;坚持价值为善的伦理旨趣,以公共性思维推动数据化评价,促进教师主体性发展;坚持治理为要的行动取向,以数据正义理念健全数据化评价制度,实现教师主体性解放。

Human society is stepping into the digital age,when data are becoming increasingly important in the development of modern education.In the digital age,teacher evaluation across the world increasingly emphasizes the full use of digital technology,educational assessment tools and data in the reflection of teachers'professional value and the measurement of their professional efficacy.Monitoring teachers'educational practice with data,and converting them into their educational value,teacher evaluation in the digital age is guiding teachers to become datafied teachers.As the generative logic of datafied teachers,the datafication of teachers is shaped by the logics of the country,the market and the profession.Under the logic of country governance,the performance-based teacher accountability system enhances the efficacy of teacher development,but creates a paradox of transparency.Under the logic of market efficiency,private capital improves the efficiency of teacher evaluation,but triggers teachers'malaise for digital alienation.Under the logic of professional knowledge production,digital technology promotes the iterative updating of teachers'professional knowledge,but causes teachers'risk of de-professionalization.Stepping out of data worship is the key to improving teachers'subjectivity through modern teacher evaluation.We need to adhere to the basic principle of using data purposefully in order to solve such problems as what kind of data we use and how we use data in evaluation,and empower teachers'subjectivity construction;adhere to the ethical purpose of improving teachers'goodness,the promotion of the datafied evaluation based on public thinking,and the improvement of the development of teachers'subjectivity;and adhere to governance-centered action orientation,the improvement of the datafied evaluation system based on the concept of data justice,and the promotion of teachers'subjectivity.