小麦新品种淮麦1033的高产稳产及产量构成分析

Analysis of High, Stable Yield and Yield Composition of New Wheat Variety Huaimai 1033

淮麦1033是江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所培育的小麦新品种,利用2017—2019年国家冬小麦品种试验黄淮南片水地组区域试验数据,分析淮麦1033高产、稳产、适应性及产量构成。结果表明,淮麦1033平均成穗数605.88万个/hm^(2),穗粒数33.43粒/穗,千粒质量42.83 g,适应度为71.43%,高稳系数为85.7%。2017—2018年淮麦1033产量居第2位,稳定性居第3位,在16个试点中均有良好表现,具有高产、稳产的特点。淮麦1033产量与全生育期、株高、有效穗数、穗粒数呈显著正相关关系,有效穗数对产量的直接效应最大。因此,在淮麦1033的生产中,应在良好的栽培技术配合下保证有效穗数,充分发挥其多成穗的优势,适当提高穗粒数和千粒质量,兼顾产量3因素的协调发展。

Huaimai 1033 a new wheat variety bred by Jiangsu Xuhuai Area Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences.In this study,the high yield,stable yield,adaptability and yield composition of Huaimai 1033 were analyzed by the regional test data of Shuidi group in south Huanghuai of national winter wheat cultivar experiment from 2017 to 2019.The results showed that the average panicle number of Huaimai 1033 was 6.0588 million/hm^(2),the number of grains per spike was 33.43,the 1000-grain weight was 42.83 g,the seed setting rate was 71.43%,and high stability coefficient was 85.7%.During 2017-2018,Huaimai 1033 ranked second in yield and third in stability,and had good performance in 16 pilot projects.The yield of Huaimai 1033 was positively correlated with the whole growth period,plant height,effective spike number and number of grains per spike,and effective spike number of Huaimai 1033 had the greatest direct effect on yield.Therefore,in the production of Huaimai 1033,the effective spike number should be ensured under the cooperation of good cultivation technology.The advantage of multiple spikes should be fully utilized.The number of grains per panicle and thousand grain weight should be appropriately increased.The three factors of yield composition should be taken into account.