宁夏沿黄城市带耕地碳排放时空特征和生态效率评价

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Carbon Emissions and Eco-efficiency Evaluation of Cultivated Land for Urban Belt Along Yellow River in Ningxia

[目的]研究宁夏回族自治区沿黄城市带2011—2020年耕地碳排放时空变化规律,评价生态效率,为构建低碳农业模式,推动农业碳减排,促进地区农业高质量发展提供支撑。[方法]采用耕地碳排放估算模型和ArcGIS计算分析宁夏沿黄城市带耕地碳排放的时空特征,采用非期望产出超效率模型SBM(松驰值测算模型)评估耕地生态效率值。[结果](1)2011—2020年宁夏沿黄城市带耕地碳排放总量总体呈下降趋势,化肥和农用柴油是耕地碳排放的主要来源。(2)宁夏沿黄城市带耕地碳排放呈现南北高,中间低的空间分布格局,其中平罗县和中宁县是最大的耕地碳排放城市。(3)宁夏沿黄城市带耕地碳排放强度呈先升高后下降的趋势与耕地碳排放总量变化相似。(4)宁夏沿黄城市带耕地利用生态效率总体呈波动状态,利通区耕地生态效率较低,需要调整农业生产过程中的投入要素。[结论]宁夏回族自治区沿黄城市带耕地碳排放时空分布不均匀,且生态效率不稳定,还需要进一步探索和巩固减排措施。

[Objective]The spatial-temporal variation of carbon emissions from cultivated land for the urban belt along the Yellow River in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2020 was analyzed,and the ecological efficiency was evaluated in order to provide support for the construction of a low-carbon agricultural model,the promotion of agricultural carbon emission reduction,and the promotion of high-quality agricultural development in the region.[Methods]A model to estimate carbon emission from cultivated land and ArcGIS calculations were used to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of carbon emissions from cultivated land in the urban belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia.The unexpected output super-efficiency SBM(slacks-based-measure)model was used to evaluate the ecological efficiency of cultivated land.[Results](1)Total carbon emissions from cultivated land in the urban belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia showed an overall downward trend from 2011 to 2020.Chemical fertilizer and agricultural diesel were the primary sources of carbon emission from cultivated land.(2)Carbon emissions from cultivated land in the urban belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia showed a spatial distribution pattern of higher in the north and south and lower in the middle.Pingluo and Zhongning County were the largest cultivated land carbon emission cities.(3)The trend of carbon emission intensity of cultivated land in the urban belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia was similar to that of cultivated land.(4)The ecological efficiency of cultivated land use in the urban belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia fluctuated in general,and the ecological efficiency of cultivated land in the Litong area was low.Therefore,it is necessary to adjust the input factors in the agricultural production process.[Conclusion]The spatial and temporal distribution of carbon emissions from cultivated land in the urban belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is uneven,and the eco-efficiency could be unstable.Further exploration and consolidation of emission reduction measures are needed.