环形Halbach永磁轮新型充磁设计及磁力特性研究

Novel design of magnetization and study of magnetic force characteristics of annular Halbach permanent magnet electrodynamic wheel

径向永磁轮具有“悬浮‒推进”一体化的独特优势,但是由于永磁轮存在非气隙侧漏磁现象,使得永磁轮利用率较低,需要进一步提高悬浮承载能力。鉴于此,文章提出了一种新型永磁轮充磁方案,能在相同永磁轮质量的条件下,有效提高悬浮驱动能力。文章提出在相邻永磁体之间插入斜向磁化的永磁体和径向充磁永磁体等分的永磁轮结构,阐述分析其基本原理,并搭建了三维有限元模型,以浮重比和驱重比为性能指标,求解各结构的最优尺寸。仿真结果表明,对于插入斜向磁化永磁体的永磁轮结构,其悬浮力提升了14.80%,驱动力提升了14.98%;对于径向充磁永磁体等分的永磁轮结构,其悬浮力提升了9.2%,驱动力提升了7.6%。研究结果表明,在永磁体用量相同的情况下,文章提出的充磁方法能够有效改善系统的悬浮力和驱动力特性,节约了成本,并提升了系统的运行效率,为后续永磁轮结构的优化和磁悬浮车辆的设计提供参考。

Radial permanent magnet electrodynamic wheels(PMEDW)offer a distinctive advantage through their integration of levitation and propulsion.However,they are prone to non-air-gap side magnetic flux leakage,resulting in a reduced utilization rate.To address this limitation and improve their load-carrying capacity through levitation,this paper proposes a novel magnetization scheme for PMEDWs,with the objective of enhancing their levitation drive capability without altering their overall mass.The proposed design employs a PMEDW structure featuring obliquely magnetized permanent magnets and radially magnetized permanent magnets,which are equally inserted between adjacent permanent magnets.The study investigated the basic principle of the permanent magnet wheel structure modified by introducing new magnetization methods.A three-dimensional finite element model was created to determine the optimal size of each structure through a solving process that incorporates two performance indexes:the levitation-to-weight and levitation-todrag ratios.The simulation results revealed that the levitation force of the permanent magnet wheel structure increased by 14.8%with the introduction of obliquely magnetized permanent magnets,while the propulsion force showed a 14.98%enhancement.The permanent magnet wheel structure with equally inserted radially magnetized permanent magnets demonstrated a 9.2%increase in levitation force and a 7.6%improvement in propulsion force,respectively.The study findings indicate the proposed magnetization methods effectively elevate both the levitation and propulsion forces of the system,while maintaining the consumption of permanent magnets unchanged.The novel design not only reduces cost but also enhances the operating efficiency of the system,providing insights for future optimizations of the PMEDW structure and the design of magnetically levitated vehicles.