农业信息采集机器人关键技术研究现状与发展趋势

Research status and development trend of key technologies of agricultural information acquisition robot

智慧农业是农业现代化的标志,农业信息采集是智慧农业的重要环节之一,相较于人工信息采集具有的低效、准确度不高等不足,利用农业信息采集机器人代替人工进行农情信息采集,可降低农作强度、提升生产效率。本文针对不同场景下的农业信息采集机器人,概括了近几十年国内外农业信息采集机器人的应用现状,总结了自主导航技术、机器视觉技术、智能控制技术、智能云处理技术四大关键技术的研究现状,并结合农业生产中环境非结构化、作业对象具有娇嫩性等特点,指出了目前关键技术存在的问题,并提出复合导航技术、多机智能感知、视觉监测算法优化、通用化智能控制、智能云管控平台是未来的发展趋势。

Smart agriculture is the symbol of agricultural modernization,and agricultural information collection is one of the important links of smart agriculture.Compared with inefficient and inaccurate manual information collection,the use of agricultural information collection robots for agricultural information collection can reduce agricultural intensity and improve production efficiency.Aiming at agricultural information acquisition robots under different scenarios,this paper summarized the application status of agricultural information acquisition robots at home and abroad in recent decades,and summarized the research status of four key technologies,namely autonomous navigation,machine vision,intelligent control and intelligent cloud processing.Based on the characteristics of unstructured environment and delicate operation objects in agricultural production,the paper pointed out the problems existing in the current key technologies,and put forward that composite navigation technology,multi-intelligence sensing,visual monitoring algorithm optimization,universal intelligent control,intelligent cloud management and control platform were the future development trends.