AlCrN系列刀具涂层的研究现状与展望

Research status and prospects of AlCrN-based tool coatings

刀具涂层能够有效阻挡刀具材料与工件间的元素扩散,减少因摩擦产生的大量切削热,解决硬质合金刀具加工时面临的易磨损、寿命短等问题,近年来成为高速切削领域的研究热点,并得到快速发展.AlCrN涂层凭借优异的力学性能已被广泛应用,但在高速高载热负荷的切削环境下,涂层的抗氧化性能和耐磨性能还有待提高.因此,国内外研究者通过在AlCrN涂层中掺杂各种元素改善其服役性能.本研究分别介绍了Si和Ti掺杂对涂层微观结构、力学性能和抗氧化性能的影响,归纳了V和Mo掺杂自润滑涂层研究中的关键问题,分析了O掺杂对涂层性能的影响及其影响机理.最后,总结了兼具耐磨和抗氧化性能的高熵合金刀具涂层领域中亟待解决的关键难题以及未来的研究方向.

Tool coating can effectively block the element diffusion between the tool material and the workpiece,reduce the large amount of cutting heat caused by friction,and solve the problems of easy wear and short life faced by the cemented car-bide tool machining,which has become a research hotspot in the field of high-speed cutting in recent years,and has been rapidly developed.AlCrN coating has been widely used due to its excellent mechanical properties,but in the cutting environ-ment of high speed and high heat load,the oxidation resistance and wear resistance of the coating need to be improved.Therefore,domestic and foreign researchers doped various elements in AlCrN coating to improve their service performance.This study introduces the effects of Si and Ti doping on the microstructure,mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of the coating,summarizs the key issues in the study of self-lubricating coatings doped with V and Mo,and analyzes the influ-ence of O doping on the coating properties and its influence mechanism.Finally,the key problems to be solved and the fu-ture research directions in the field of high-entropy alloy tool coating with both wear and oxidation resistance are summarized.