淮河流域上游沉积记录的历史时期沙尘灾害研究

Textual Research of Sandstorm Disasters in Historical Periods Recorded in Sedimentary Records in the Upstream of Huaihe River Basin

淮河流域风成黄土为研究黄淮平原历史时期沙尘灾害提供了新的窗口。相较于史料记载中的灾害文字记录,风成黄土所提供信息更具本源性和客观性。淮河上游沉积剖面中的风成黄土层拥有较好的光释光测年约束和良好的研究基础,本研究以卢庄剖面中的风成黄土层为研究对象,结合对应历史年代区间内流域灾害史料,从地质学和灾害史双视角进行历史时期沙尘灾害考证。结果显示,淮河流域上游沉积记录中沙尘灾害可能为东汉元初二年(115)三月和延光二年(123)春季颍川郡风灾及东晋义熙五年(409)十一月正阳县风灾引发的近源沙尘暴连续堆积所致。依据同时期气候代用指标及历史文献记载,东汉中期(115-123)和东晋末年(409)处于气候急剧波动期,淮河北岸沙尘灾害可能是当时气候异常多变的瞬时响应。该研究结果可为淮河流域灾害史研究提供新的视角和科学依据。

The aeolian loess in the Huaihe River basin provides a new window for studying sandstorm disasters in the Huang-Huai Plain during historical periods.Compared with the disaster text records in historical materials,the information provided by aeolian loess is more original and objective.The aeolian loess layers in the sedimentary profiles of the upper reaches of the Huaihe River have good constraints of optically stimulated luminescence dating and a good research foundation.This study takes the aeolian loess layers in the Luzhuang section as the research object,combines with the historical disaster records in the corresponding historical period,and conducts textual research on sandstorm disasters in historical periods from the perspectives of geology and disaster history.The results show that the sandstorm disasters recorded in the sedimentary records of the upstream of the Huaihe River may be caused by the continuous accumulation of near-source sandstorms triggered by the wind disasters in Yingchuan Prefecture in March of the second year of the Yuanchu era(115 AD)and in the spring of the second year of the Yanguang era(123 AD)of the Eastern Han Dynasty,and in Zhengyang County in November of the fifth year of Yixi(409 AD)in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty.According to the climate proxy indicators and historical documents of the same period,the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty(115-123 AD)and the late Eastern Jin Dynasty(409 AD)were in a period of rapid climate fluctuations,and the sandstorm disasters on the north bank of the Huaihe River may be the instantaneous response to the abnormal and changeable climate at that time.The results of this study can provide a new perspective and scientific basis for the study of disaster history in the Huaihe River basin.