言语的“假面”:搭讪行为与“面子”

The Mask of Speech:Chatting up and Mianzi

以语言学的视角,从“面子”角度观察和解释人际交往中的“搭讪”行为。根据“搭讪”的目的和情境,将“搭讪”分为“想跟人接近的搭讪”(搭讪1)、“尴尬局面的敷衍”(搭讪2)、“不想真正交际的敷衍”(搭讪3),并结合实际语料分别观察其特征和性质。经过初步探索,我们认为搭讪行为的主要特征是“负情境性”和“间接性”,搭讪的目的是想跟人接近或把某种情形敷衍过去,搭讪行为的功能从根本上说是面子维护。搭讪是一种形式大于内容的言语交际方式,它使人类言语交际更加灵活多样,能够适应各种复杂的情形,取得更佳的交际效果。

From the perspective of linguistics,this paper uses Face Theory to observe and explain the chat-up behavior in interpersonal communication.According to the purpose and the situation,the chat-ups can be divided into“chat-up that wants to be close to people”(chat-up 1),“perfunctory in embarrassing situation”(chat-up 2)and“perfunctory that doesn’t want to really communicate”(chat-up 3),and its characteristics and properties are observed respectively in combination with actual corpus.After preliminary exploration,we think that the main characteristics of the chat-up behavior are“negative situational”and“indirectness”,the purpose of the chat-up behavior is to get close to people or perfunctory past situations,and the function of the chat-up behavior is fundamentally face maintenance.Chatting up is a kind of verbal communication with form greater than content.It makes human verbal communication more flexible and diverse,and can adapt to various complicated situations and achieve better communicative effects.