农业文化遗产旅游驱动乡村振兴的机理阐释与实施路径——以元阳哈尼梯田为例

Mechanism Explanation and Implementation Path of Agricultural Heritage Tourism Driving Rural Revitalization--A Case Study of Yuanyang Hani Terraces

近年来,发展农业文化遗产旅游业成为乡村振兴的实现路径之一。从系统观视角基于“资源—结构—功能”逻辑分析农业文化遗产旅游驱动乡村振兴的内在机理,发现资源是旅游发展的基础,结构为资源提供组织形式,功能为结构的呈现提供载体。资源能力跃迁能够催生农业文化遗产旅游发展的动能,引发遗产地乡村结构性变化,特别是经济结构、社会结构与空间结构得到重构,使得生产、生活、生态与文化功能不断演变与增强,进而实现乡村全面振兴。解构元阳哈尼梯田农业文化遗产旅游驱动乡村振兴的动态过程,发现其通过遗产地“资源诅咒”的破解、乡村多重结构体系的延续与重构、乡村多功能升级的协同,将静态资源要素转化为发展动能,优化乡村结构实现一体化发展格局,不断实现遗产地系统功能的叠加黏合,其整体处于良性运行状态,能够为其他农业文化遗产地实践提供有益参考。

In recent years,agricultural heritage tourism has become one of the paths for rural revitalization.Analyze the internal mechanism of agricultural heritage tourism driving rural revitalization based on the logic of“resource-structure-function”from the perspective of system view,and find that resources are the foundation of tourism development,structure provides the organizational form for resources,and function provides the carrier for the presentation of structure.The leap in the capacity of the resources can give rise to the kinetic energy for the development of the agricultural heritage tourism,and trigger the structural changes of the villages in the heritage sites,especially the reconstruction of the economic structure,the social structure and the spatial structure,so as to make the functions of the production,the life,the ecology and the culture continuously evolve and be strengthened,and then achieve the comprehensive rural revitalization.Deconstructing the dynamic process of rural revitalization driven by tourism of the agricultural heritage of the Hani Terraces in Yuanyang,it is found that through the cracking of the“curse of resources”in the heritage site,the continuation and reconstruction of the multiple structure system of the countryside,and the synergy of the multi-functional upgrading of the countryside,the static resource elements are transformed into the kinetic energy of development,and the structure of the countryside is optimized to realize the integrated pattern of development,thus constantly the overall operation of the heritage site is in a benign state,which can provide a useful reference for other agricultural and cultural heritage sites.