论滥用市场支配地位正当理由认定的制度属性

On the Institutional Attributes of the Justification of Abuse of Dominant Market Position

主要的反垄断管辖区在滥用市场支配地位规制过程中,都肯认正当理由请求的可用性。反垄断法并非不分青红皂白地禁止一切排除、限制竞争的行为,而是禁止对竞争产生损害并导致消费者福利损失的部分行为,并且当这部分限制竞争行为具有正当理由时,反垄断法也不予禁止。正当理由制度的适用,阻却滥用市场支配地位的初步违法性,反垄断法本就应该允许经营者“基于品质进行竞争”。目前,认定正当理由的属性定位存在争议。定位不清不仅会影响正当理由认定的制度构建,同时也会导致正当理由认定的适用混乱。基于此,在梳理正当理由认定的属性定位争议后,借鉴域外关于正当理由认定的有益经验,廓清滥用市场支配地位中正当理由认定的抗辩属性。

The major antitrust jurisdictions recognise the availability of justification claims in the abuse of market dominance regulation process.Antitrust laws do not indiscriminately prohibit all conduct that excludes or restricts competition,but rather prohibit that portion of the conduct that harms competition and results in a loss of consumer welfare,and do not prohibit that portion of the restriction of competition when it is justified.The application of the justification system prevents the prima facie illegality of the abuse of a dominant market position,and the antitrust law should have allowed operators to"compete on the basis of quality".Currently,there is a controversy over the positioning of the attributes of justification.The unclear positioning will not only affect the construction of the system for the determination of justification,but also lead to confusion in the application of the determination of justification.For this reason,after sorting out the disputes over the attributes of the determination of justification,we will draw on the useful experience of the determination of justification from overseas,so as to clarify the attributes of the defence of the determination of justification in the case of abuse of dominant position of market power.