智能制造与供应链配置多元化

Intelligent Manufacturing and Enterprise Supply Chain Configuration Diversification

强化供应链韧性和安全水平,推动供应链多元化对我国现代化供应链体系建设以及企业高质量发展具有重要意义。本文以我国智能制造试点示范专项行动为准自然实验,利用2010-2022年上市公司数据,考察了智能制造政策对企业供应链配置的影响。研究发现,智能制造能够显著促进企业供应链配置多元化,且通过降低上下游企业的沟通成本和供应链管理成本、提高企业运营效率等机制发挥作用。异质性分析发现,在高科技、非国有企业以及在市场化水平较低、经济政策不确定性较高时,智能制造的促进效应更强。拓展性检验表明,企业与客户/供应商的地理距离加强了智能制造调整供应链配置的正向作用;智能制造促进企业供应链配置多元化的同时还进一步提升了企业全要素生产率;智能制造试点政策具有行业溢出效应,且试点企业越多,促进作用越显著。文章为我国全面推行智能制造政策,助力企业供应链配置多元化发展提供了参考。

Strengthening supply chain resilience and safety level,and promoting the diversification of the supply chain are of great significance to the construction of China′s modern supply chain system and the high-quality development of enterprises.This paper takes China′s intelligent manufacturing pilot demonstration special action as a quasi-natural experiment to investigate the impact of intelligent manufacturing policies on the supply chain configuration of enterprises by using the data of listed companies from 2010 to 2022.The study finds that intelligent manufacturing can significantly promote the diversification of enterprise supply chain configuration by reducing the communication cost and supply chain management cost of upstream and downstream enterprises and improving the operational efficiency of enterprises.Heterogeneity analysis finds that the promotion effect of intelligent manufacturing is stronger in high-tech,non-state-owned enterprises,and when the marketization level is low and the economic policy uncertainty is high.The expansion test shows that the geographical distance between enterprises and customers/suppliers strengthens the positive role of intelligent manufacturing in adjusting supply chain configuration.Intelligent manufacturing promotes the diversification of supply chain configuration and further improves the total factor productivity of enterprises.The intelligent manufacturing pilot policy also has an industry spillover effect,and the more pilot enterprises there are,the more significant the promotion effect is.This paper provides a theoretical reference for the comprehensive implementation of intelligent manufacturing policy in China and the diversified development of supply chain configuration.