基于适应性领导理论的自我管理干预对血液透析患者自我管理能力及并发症的影响

Effects of adaptive leadership theory-based self-management interventions on self-management ability and complications in hemodialysis patients

目的探讨基于适应性领导理论的自我管理干预对血液透析患者自我管理能力及并发症的影响。方法选取2021年8月-2022年8月徐州市肿瘤医院行血液透析患者92例为研究对象,按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则将患者分为观察组和对照组,各46例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上实施基于适应性领导理论下自我管理干预,干预时间为3个月。比较两组患者自我管理能力、透析期间并发症及生活质量情况。结果干预前,两组患者自我管理能力的自我照顾能力、问题解决能力、伙伴关系能力、情绪处理能力评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者自我照顾能力、问题解决能力、伙伴关系能力、情绪处理能力评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者血液透析并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组患者透析满意度、性功能、工作状况、社会支持、透析工作人员鼓励与支持、认知功能、肾病带来的生活负担、肾病对生活的影响、症状与不适、社交质量、睡眠状况及总体健康评价比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者透析满意度、性功能、工作状况、社会支持、透析工作人员鼓励与支持、认知功能、肾病带来的生活负担、肾病对生活的影响、症状与不适、社交质量、睡眠状况及总体健康评价评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于适应性领导理论的自我管理在提升血液透析患者自我管理能力方面具有积极的作用,可降低患者透析相关并发症,提升其生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of self-management intervention based on adaptive leadership theory on the self-management ability and complications of hemodialysis patients.Methods 92 hemodialysis patients in Xuzhou Cancer Hospital from August 2021 to August 2022 were selected as the study subjects,they were divided into an observation group and a control group according to the principle of comparability of basic characteristics between groups,with 46 patients in each group.The control group received routine care,and the observation group received self-management intervention based on adaptive leadership theory on the basis of the control group for 3 months.Self-management ability,complications during dialysis,and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of self-management ability,problem-solving ability,partnership ability,and emotional processing ability between the two groups(P>0.05),after the intervention,the scores of self-management ability,problem-solving ability,partnership ability,and emotional processing ability in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of hemodialysis complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in dialysis satisfaction,sexual function,work status,social support,dialysis staffencouragement and support,cognitive function,life burden caused by kidney disease,impact of kidney disease on life,symptoms and discomfort,social quality,sleeping status,and overall health evaluation between the two groups(P>0.05),After the intervention,there was a statistically significant difference in dialysis satisfaction,sexual function,work status,social support,dialysis staffencouragement and support,cognitive function,life burden caused by kidney disease,impact of kidney disease on life,symptoms and discomfort,social quality,sleeping status,and overall health evaluation score between the observation group and the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Self-management based on adaptive leadership theory had a positive role in improving the self-management ability of hemodialysis patients,which could reduce dialysis-related complications and improve their quality of life.