髋关节置换术患者实施快速康复外科护理的效果评价

Evaluation of the effect of enhanced recovery after surgery nursing in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty

目的探讨基于快速康复外科(FTS)理念的护理干预在行髋关节置换术(THA)患者中的应用效果。方法选择2021年1月—2022年6月宜春市第二人民医院骨外科行THA的患者52例为研究对象。按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则分为观察组患者与对照组患者,每组26例,观察组患者实施基于FTS理念的护理干预,对照组患者实施常规护理,两组患者均持续随访6个月。对比两组患者术后康复、关节功能、生活质量及并发症发生率。结果观察组患者术后首次下床、术后住院时间均短于对照组患者,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。快速康复外科护理干预前,两组患者髋关节功能评分量表(Harris)中关节活动度、疼痛、功能性活动及畸形维度评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者关节活动度、疼痛、功能性活动及畸形维度评分高于对照组患者,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组患者SF-36量表中的生理职能、生理机能、一般健康状况、躯体疼痛、社会功能、精力、精神健康及情感职能维度评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者健康调查量表(SF-36)中的生理职能、生理机能、一般健康状况、躯体疼痛、社会功能、精力、精神健康及情感职能维度评分高于对照组患者,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者并发症发生率低于对照组患者,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于FTS理念护理干预能够缩短THA患者术后康复时间,促进髋关节功能恢复,减少并发症的发生,提升生活质量。

Objective To explore the application effect of nursing intervention based on fast track surgery(FTS)concept in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty(THA).Methods A total of 52 patients who underwent THA in the Department of Orthopedics of Yichun Second People's Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the study subjects.According to the principle of comparability of basic characteristics between groups,the patients were divided into an observation group and a control group,each with 26 patients.The observation group received nursing intervention based on the FTS concept,while the control group received routine nursing care.Both groups were followed up for 6 months.The two groups were compared in terms of postoperative recovery,joint function,quality of life and incidence of complications.Results The time to first ambulation after surgery and the length of postoperative hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Before fast track surgery nursing intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of joint range of motion,pain,functional activity and deformity on the hip function score scale(Harris)between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,the scores of joint range of motion,pain,functional activity and deformity in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of physical functioning,role-physical,general health,body pain,social function,vitality,mental health and role-emotional on the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire(SF-36)between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,the scores of physical functioning,role-physical,general health,body pain,social function,vitality,mental health and role-emotional on the SF-36 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference between the groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Nursing intervention based on the FTS concept can shorten the postoperative rehabilitation time for THA patients,promote the recovery of hip joint function,reduce the incidence of complications,and improve the quality of life.