抗寒小苹果新品种冰红的选育

Breeding report of a new high-cold-resistance apple cultivar Binghong

冰红苹果是由红海棠×金冠杂交选育出的抗寒小苹果新品种。果实阔圆锥形,果皮红色,果面光滑,果肉淡黄色,肉质松脆,风味甜。平均单果质量64 g以上,果形指数1.03,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)12.4%,可滴定酸含量0.49%,果实硬度7.62 kg·cm^(-2),品质上。果实生长期123 d,在吉林省公主岭地区9月10日左右成熟。抗寒性强,对苹果腐烂病、轮纹病、斑点落叶病的抗病等级均为中抗。果实在常温下可存放45 d,较耐贮藏。适合在吉林省及相似生态地区栽培,丰产性好。

Binghong is a new high-cold-resistance apple cultivar.The seedling was derived from a cross between Honghaitang and Golden Delicious in 2010 at the experimental field.It was initially selected in 2015 for its storability,good quality and sweet flavor.And in the next year,it was selected into the selection nursery.The regional adaptability testing in different regions started from 2017,and in 2020,a large number of fruits were produced and the fruit properties were stable,and the DUS testing started from 2021 to 2022.The tree posture of this cultivar is open.The annual branches are brown in color,and the average length is 89 cm.The average length and width of the leaf are 7.83 cm and 4.29 cm,respectively.The petal is ovate and overlapping.Fruit is broad conical,and has red peel and smooth surface.Its flesh is light yellow and crisp,with rich juice and fine texture.The average fruit weight is more than 64 g,fruit shape index is 1.03.The content of soluble solids is 12.4%,titrable acid is 0.49%,and fruit hardness is 7.62 kg·cm^(-2).Fruit quality is excellent.The fruit development period is 123 d and it matures in about September 10 in Gongzhuling area of Jilin province(Longitude 124°E and Latitude 43°N).It is resistant to coldness.And it shows moderate resistance to Valsa canker,Botryosphaeria dothidea and Alternaria boltch.The fruit has a long storage-life for more than 45 d,and is longer than other small apple cultivars.It is suitable to plant in Jilin province and areas with similar climatic condition of Jilin province.The suitable rootstocks are Malus baccata and Xiaohuanghaitang.For the dwarf culture,GM-256,GM-310 or ZM-2000 can be used as the dwarf interstocks.