川西高寒草甸植物功能属性与环境因子的关系研究

A study of the relationship between plant functional traits and environmental factors in the alpine meadows of western Sichuan

作为连接植物和环境的桥梁,植物功能属性反映了植物对环境的适应以及植物内部不同功能之间的关系。本研究基于群落、植物功能属性和生境调查结果,分析了川西高寒草甸植物功能属性与环境因子的关系。研究发现:高寒草甸植物的功能属性之间主要呈现协调关系,特别是在能量、物质和生物量分配等方面。此外,根冠比(RSR)与茎比例(SMF)、繁殖器官比例(RPMF)之间存在明显的权衡关系。当面临胁迫和干扰时,高寒草甸植物可能采取将更多资源投入根部生长和发育,较少资源分配给茎和繁殖器官,但同时保证分配给叶片进行光合作用资源的策略。高寒草甸植物以矮化、减少茎、叶和繁殖器官比例(SMF、LMF和RPMF)、降低比根长(SRL),增加叶片干物质含量(LDMC)和比叶面积(SLA)、提高根冠比(RSR)、增加地下生物量(IUGB)和根干物质含量(RDMC)等一系列策略适应低温、强辐射和水分不足等环境胁迫。人为干扰会导致高寒草甸植物的高度(VH)、茎比例(SMF)、茎干物质含量(SDMC)、繁殖器官比例(RPMF)、繁殖器官干物质含量(RPDMC)、叶比例(LMF)、比根长(SRL)和地上生物量(IAGB)减小,而根冠比(RSR)增加。然而,高寒草甸植物功能属性的变化主要受环境因素影响,受人为干扰的影响相对较小。这些研究结果为理解植物如何通过调整功能属性来适应环境变化,以及制定有效的草甸保护和管理策略提供了重要的科学依据。

As a bridge connecting plants and the environment,plant functional traits reflect the adaptation of plants to the environment and the interrelationships between different functions within plants.This study,based on plant community,plant functional traits,and habitat survey results,analyzed the relationship between plant functional traits and environmental factors in the alpine meadows of western Sichuan.The results showed that the functional traits of alpine meadow plants were mainly coordinated,especially in terms of energy,substrate,and biomass allocation.There was a clear trade-off between root-shoot ratio(RSR),and stem mass fraction(SMF),as well as reproductive organ mass fraction(RPMF).In response to stress and disturbance,alpine meadow plants devoted more resources to root growth and development,and less to stems and reproductive organs,while ensuring resources for photosynthesis in leaves.Alpine meadow plants employed a series of strategies to adapt to environmental stresses such as low temperature,intense radiation,and water scarcity,including dwarfing,reducing SMF,leaf mass fraction(LMF)and RPMF,lowering specific root length(SRL),increasing leaf dry matter content and specific leaf area,increasing RSR,increasing individual underground biomass and root dry matter content,etc.Anthropogenic disturbance led to a decrease in vegetation height,SMF,stem dry matter content,RPMF,reproductive organ dry matter content(RPDMC),LMF,SRL,and individual aboveground biomass of alpine meadow plants,and an increase in RSR.However,the changes in the functional traits of alpine meadow plants were primarily influenced by environmental factors,with the impact of anthropogenic disturbance relatively small.The research results provide a scientific foundation for understanding how plants adapt to environmental changes by adjusting functional traits,and for formulating effective strategies for the protection and management of meadows.