护理专业学生伦理敏感性现状及影响因素分析——基于混合研究视角

Analyzing the current situation and influencing factors of ethical sensitivity of nursing students:based on a mixed research perspective

目的调查护理专业学生伦理敏感性现状并分析影响因素。方法使用混合研究方法,选取湖南省3所高职院校的585名护理专业学生作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷和护理专业学生伦理敏感性量表进行调查,采用半结构式焦点小组访谈对12名护生进行综合访谈。结果护生伦理敏感性总分为(34.22±7.12)分,处于中等水平,多元线性回归分析结果表明,年级、是否独生子女、是否学习过护理伦理课程、对护理专业的喜欢程度纳入回归方程(P<0.001)。根据访谈结果,共提炼出3个主题:护生对护理伦理知识掌握不全面、个体主观能动性不足阻碍伦理敏感性的发展、伦理教育有助于提升伦理敏感性。结论护生伦理敏感性虽然处于中等水平,但是他们对伦理问题的认知不全面,护理教育者和管理者今后还需为护生提供更多的临床实践机会、提高护生的主观能动性以及构建持续性护理伦理教育体系,从而提升护生的伦理敏感性水平。

Objective To investigating the current situation of ethical sensitivity of nursing students and analyzing the influencing factors.Methods Using a mixed research method,a total of 585 nursing students from three higher vocational colleges in Hu'nan Province were selected as the research subjects,and were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire and the Ethical Sensitivity Questionnaire for Nursing Students,and 12 nursing students were interviewed using semi-structured focus group interviews,and comprehensive interviews were conducted.Results The total average score of nursing students'ethical sensitivity was(34.22±7.12),which was at a moderate level.The multiple linear regression analysis showed that grade,whether they were the only child,whether they had studied nursing ethics courses,and the degree of liking for the nursing profession were included in the regression equation(P<0.001).According to the interview results,a total of three themes were extracted:nursing students'incomplete knowledge of nursing ethics,insufficient individual subjective initiative hindering the development of ethical sensitivity,and ethical education helping to improve ethical sensitivity.Conclusion Although the ethical sensitivity of nursing students is at a medium level,their understanding of ethical issues is not comprehensive.In the future,nursing educators and managers need to provide more clinical practice opportunities for nursing students,improve the subjective initiative of nursing students,and build continuous nursing ethics education,so as to improve the level of ethical sensitivity.