气候变化透明度机制的新发展及中国应对

The New Development of Climate Change Transparency Mechanism and China′s Response

透明度机制作为全球气候治理体系中的基础性程序机制,在全球气候行动中发挥着不可替代的作用。透明度机制经过几十年的变迁,与全球气候治理体系的联系愈发紧密,同时也暴露出不足。对发展中国家的支助力度不足、技术专家审评效率与审评任务不匹配、缺乏对于非国家行为体的关注、全球碳核算体系不统一等问题均制约着全球气候治理行动的推进。中国作为肩负减排重任的排放大国应积极应对:完善中国的碳数据核算体系并提高中国编制清单报告的能力,按时完成透明度框架所赋予的程序义务;在气候谈判中坚持共同但有区别的责任原则,提升中国在气候治理领域的话语权;积极与发展中国家和非国家行为体开展合作,提升中国应对气候变化的能力。

As a basic procedural mechanism in the global climate governance system,transparency plays an irreplaceable role in global climate action.After decades of changes,the transparency mechanism has become more closely related to the global climate governance system,and meanwhile shown its deficiencies.Insufficient support for developing countries,mismatch between technical experts′reviews and their efficiency,lack of attention to non-state actors,and inconsistent global carbon accounting systems,all these hinder the advancement of global climate governance actions.As a major emitter with great responsibility to reduce emissions,China should make positive responses,improve the carbon data accounting system and enhance the ability to prepare inventory reports,and meet procedural obligations under the transparency framework on schedule.China should adhere to the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities in climate negotiations,give China′s voice in the field of climate governance and actively cooperate with developing countries and non-state actors to improve the capacity to cope with climate change.