黄河流域林业生态治理的政策演进与展望

Policy Development and Countermeasuresfor Increasing Forests Contribution to Ecological Governance of the Yellow River Basin

随着黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展上升为重大国家战略,林业在黄河流域治理中所担负的职责也越来越重要。文中对1949年以来黄河流域林业生态治理的政策历程进行阶段性划分,并对其进程和演变特征进行梳理,认为黄河流域林业生态治理的政策演进表现出明显的渐进化、科学化特征;同时,当前黄河流域林业生态治理仍然存在一些问题,如治理机制不完善导致治理协同度不足、理念认识不充分导致实践系统性不强、科技支撑不牢固导致工程成效不稳、投入机制不健全导致治理质量不高等,均在一定程度上制约生态治理成效的发挥。基于此,提出黄河流域林业生态治理的建议,即推进山水林田湖草沙系统治理、强化林业生态治理科技支撑、推动生态治理投入机制革新、健全适应流域高质量发展的产业体系,以期为林业更好地服务于黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展提供借鉴和参考。

As the ecological conservation and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin have risen to a major national strategy,forestry plays an increasingly important role in the ecological protection and restoration of the Yellow River basin.The paper divides the process of the forestry policies contributing to the ecological governance of the Yellow River basin in the past 70 years and reviews the characteristics of the policies at each stage.It is found that the forestry policies which promote the ecological governance in the Yellow River basin have gradually evolved with increasing science bases.However,there are still some problems in the current policies to bring in play the forestry policies in ecological governance at the Yellow River basin,such as low degree of coordination due to the uncomplete governance mechanism,insufficient integrated governance due to inadequate perception,unstable effects of governance due to ineffective sci-tech support,and unsatisfactory governance quality due to insufficient investment,all of which have contained the effect of the ecological governance.Suggestions are put forth to provide references for better give play to the role of forestry in the integrated ecological governance and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin,including more focus on integrated ecological governance,more emphasis on sci-tech support for forest-based ecological governance,active innovation in the investment mechanism for ecological governance,and stronger industry system tailored to high-quality development.the main battlefield role of forestry in the ecological management of the Yellow River basin.