输精管穿刺注射吲哚菁绿在荧光腹腔镜下根治性前列腺切除术中的应用

Injection of indocyanine green by vasopuncture in fluorescence laparoscopic radical prostatectomy

目的:探索输精管穿刺注射吲哚菁绿(ICG)在荧光腹腔镜下根治性前列腺切除术中的临床价值。方法:回顾性分析2021年3月至2023年2月湖州师范学院附属第一医院收治的50例经阴囊皮下输精管穿刺注射ICG在荧光腹腔镜下行根治性前列腺切除术患者的病例资料,患者年龄(70.60±5.67)岁,PSA(18.42±2.69)μg/L。术中经阴囊皮下输精管头皮针头每侧穿刺注射ICG 0.5 ml,在分离膀胱颈后方精囊前分别采用腹腔镜普通高清、黑白荧光、绿色荧光、彩色荧光模式观察输精管精囊显影情况,根据输精管精囊显影分离粘连精囊。结果:所有患者均顺利完成根治性前列腺切除术,其中ICG双侧注射43例,右侧注射4例,左侧3例,共计注射93例侧。输精管精囊显影41例,其中双侧均显影19例,单纯左侧显影15例,右侧显影7例,合计显影60例侧(显影率64.52%)。切开膀胱颈时荧光剂外溢9例,术中发现精囊侵犯粘连10例,均通过荧光显影后快速找到精囊,术中无一例发生直肠损伤,仅2例出现阴囊皮下轻微淤癍,术后病理Gleason评分为(7.44±0.88)分。结论:经阴囊皮下输精管穿刺注射ICG微创、安全,通过ICG的近红外光成像原理,被输精管和精囊实时荧光成像,根治性前列腺切除术能精确定位及准确切除精囊及前列腺,避免直肠损伤。

Objective:To investigate the clinical application value of injection of indocyanine green(ICG)via vasopuncture in fluorescence laparoscopic radical prostatectomy(FLRP).Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 50 cases of PCa treated by injection of ICG via vasopuncture in FLRP.The patients were aged(70.60±5.67)years old,with an average PSA value of(18.42±2.69)μg/L.During the operation,we injected ICG at 0.5 ml by vasopuncture through the vas deferens at each side of the scrotum,observed the visualized images of the vas deferens and seminal vesicles using normal high-definition,black-and-white fluorescence,green fluorescence,and color fluorescence respectively,and then isolated the adherent seminal vesicles under the laparoscope.Results:A total of 93 injections of ICG were completed,86 bilaterally,4 on the right and 3 on the left.The vas deferens and seminal vesicles were visualized in 41 cases(60 sides,64.52%),19 bilaterally,7 on the right and 15 on the left.Spillage of the fluorescent agent occurred in 9 cases during the incision of the bladder neck and adhesion of the seminal vesicles was found intraoperatively in 10 cases,in which the seminal vesicles were all quickly located by fluorescence visualization.No rectal injury occurred during the surgery.Mild scrotal subcutaneous bruises were observed in 2 cases,with a postoperative pathological Gleason's score of 7.44±0.88.Conclusion:Injection of ICG by vasopuncture is minimally invasive and safe.ICG-mediated near-infrared imaging and real-time fluorescence imaging of the vas deferens and seminal vesicles can achieve precise positioning and removal of the seminal vesicles and prostate gland without causing rectal injury.