藻类对重金属的吸附迁移机制的研究进展

Research Progress on the Adsorption and Migration Mechanism of Heavy Metals by Algae

近年来重金属及营养盐(氮、磷等)等污染问题日益严峻,严重威胁人类健康,损害经济、社会、环境的可持续发展。氮、磷营养盐易造成藻类水华,而藻细胞对水环境中的重金属有一定的吸附能力,能有效吸附处理重金属污染且应用潜力巨大。本文以修复水环境重金属污染为目的,综述微藻细胞吸附重金属的影响因素,分析对比不同藻类对重金属的吸附能力以及活体藻细胞与死亡藻细胞对重金属的吸附效果,总结微藻细胞对重金属的吸附富集及迁移机制,指出下一阶段微藻细胞富集重金属的研究重点和方向。

In recent years,the pollution of heavy metals and nutrient salts(nitrogen,phosphorus,etc.)has become increasingly serious,which threaten human health and damage the sustainable development of economy,society and Environment.Nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients can easily cause algal blooms,and algal cells have a certain adsorption capacity for heavy metals in the water environment,which can effectively adsorb and treat heavy metal pollution and have huge market potential.This article aims to repair heavy metal pollution in the water environment,reviews the influencing factors of microalgae cells adsorbing heavy metals,analyzes and compares the adsorption capacity of different algae to heavy metals,as well as the adsorption effects of living and dead algae cells on heavy metals.It summarizes the adsorption,enrichment,and migration mechanisms of microalgae cells towards heavy metals,and points out the research focus and direction of microalgae cells accumulating heavy metals in the next stage.