考虑碳减排收益的高速公路差异化收费定价模型

Differentiated Highway Toll Pricing Model Considering Carbon Emission Reduction Benefits

高速公路差异化收费可以促进道路领域碳减排,助推“双碳”目标实现。文中将碳减排收益作为高速公路效益的组成部分,基于同时考虑高速公路效益和物流企业成本的目标,构建了基于双层规划的高速公路差异化收费定价模型。首先分析了货车路径选择因素;然后利用Logit模型构建了基于高速公路差异化收费的转移车流量测算方法和基于转移车流量的碳排放量测算方法,并提出了影子价格下的碳交易定价模型;最后,考虑碳减排效益部分最大化和物流企业成本最小化,提出了差异化收费双层规划模型,同时利用山东省高速公路A和并行国省道的车流量数据进行实例分析。结果表明:通过高速公路差异化收费策略的调整,双层规划模型在保证高速公路管理部门的最优化效益下可实现物流企业成本的最小化;在最优收费费率附近调整收费标准,对高速公路A的效益的影响较小,使得高速公路效益的波动影响低于1.5%,结果表现出良好的收益稳定性;文中所提出的差异化收费双层规划模型可实现高速公路碳减排效益最大化和物流企业成本最小化的目标。

Differentiated highway toll strategy can promote carbon emission reduction in the road field and boost the realization of the“double-carbon”goal.In this study,the carbon reduction benefits are considered as a part of the highway’s benefits.With the goal of simultaneously considering highway benefits and logistics enterprise costs,the study constructed a differentiated toll pricing model based on dual-layer programming.Firstly,the factors influencing truck route choices were analyzed;then Logit model was used to construct transfer traffic flow measurement method based on differentiated highway charging and carbon emission measurement method based on transferred traffic flow,and it proposed carbon trading pricing model under shadow price;finally,considering the partial maximization of car⁃bon emission reduction benefits and the cost minimization of logistics enterprises,it proposed the dual-layer program⁃ming model of differentiated charging,and at the same time,the traffic flow data of highway A and parallel national and provincial roads in Shandong province were used for example analysis.The results indicate that,through the ad⁃justment of differentiated highway toll strategy,the dual-layer programming model ensures optimal benefits for high⁃way management while minimizing logistics enterprise costs.Furthermore,adjusting toll standards around the optimal toll rate has minimal impact on the benefits of Highway A,with benefit fluctuations remaining below 1.5%,demon⁃strating good revenue stability.The dual-layer programming model for differentiated toll pricing model proposed in this study can maximize the increase in highway carbon reduction benefits and minimize logistics enterprise costs.