俄国废除农奴制后的地方自治改革

Reforms of Local Self-Government after the Abolition of Serfdom in Russia

19世纪下半期,随着农奴制的废除及俄国资本主义初步发展,政府面临诸多社会改革,比如,地方自治、司法、教育、军事、外交、教会管理等。其中地方自治改革是一个比较重要的方面。地方自治改革有助于缓解因农奴制废除而带来的贵族阶级及农民阶级对沙皇政府的不满情绪,又可以帮助沙皇政府应对新社会发展而带来的管理压力挑战。

In the second half of the 19th century,with the abolition of serfdom and the initial development of capitalism in Russia,the government is faced with a number of social reforms,such as local self-governance,judiciary,education,military,foreign affairs,and church administration.One important aspect is the reform of local self-government,which helps to alleviate the dissatisfaction of the aristocracy and peasantry with the tsarist government brought about by the abolition of serfdom,and helps the tsarist government to cope with the challenges of the pressure of administration brought about by the development of the new society.