《海关医报(Customs Medical Reports)》的历史及现代启示

History of"Customs Medical Reports"and enlightenments for the new era

《海关医报(Customs Medical Reports)》是19世纪70年代至20世纪初有关沿海、沿江以及沿边通商口岸的医疗卫生报告,为认识当时商埠城市的环境、卫生和传染病提供了珍贵的文献资料。本文追溯西方列强控制的卫生检疫,在阐述《海关医报》的历史、内容和有限作用的基础上,讨论对我国社会主义现代化海关卫生检疫的启示,指出坚持党的领导是实现海关主权和保护人民健康的必然,开展传染病防控研究是海关促进人民健康使命的必然,强化传染病防控顶层设计是海关卫生检疫发展的必然,强化国际医学交流与合作是海关增强履职能力的必然,提升专业人员的技术能力是卫生检疫执法需要的必然,促进社会公众广泛参与是海关彰显社会文明的必然,融入国家大卫生及联防联控是海关行使检疫主权的必然,推进构建人类卫生健康共同体是新时代海关奋进的必然。

The journal named"Customs Medical Reports"was the official medical reports from seaports,inland river ports and border ports from 1870s to 1900s.These reports were valuable documents for environment,hygiene,infectious diseases in commercial ports.Based on the history of health quarantine manipulated by western powers,the history,content,limited role of"Customs Medical Reports",the enlightenments for health quarantine of Customs of Chinese socialism for the new era were discussed in this paper.It is essential to persist in the leadership of the Communist Party of China to exert Customs sovereignty and to protect the public’s health,to carry out infectious diseases research for the health promotion by the Customs,to enhance international communication and cooperation for implementation of the Customs’duty,to improve the expertise of the professional staff for health quarantine of the Customs jurisdiction,to mobilize the participation of the public to demonstrate social civilization of the Customs,to integrate into the national health and joint prevention and control for the exertion of quarantine sovereignty by the Customs,to accelerate the construction of a healthy community for mankind by the endeavours of the Customs for the new era.