不同药剂对敦煌叶螨与截形叶螨的室内毒力测定

Indoor Toxicity Determination of Different Pesticides on Tetranychus dunchuangensis and Tetranychus truncatus

为明确不同药剂对新疆阿克苏地区棉花上重要叶螨敦煌叶螨Tetranychus dunchuangensis、截形叶螨Tetranychus truncatus的毒力效果,采用FAO推荐的玻片浸渍法,研究了9种药剂对新疆阿克苏地区敦煌叶螨、截形叶螨的毒力效果.9种药剂对敦煌叶螨雌成螨的毒力作用均随着药剂浓度的升高而增强.结果表明:阿维菌素对敦煌叶螨雌成螨的毒力最高,LC_(50)为0.0134μg/L;螺虫乙酯、乙螨唑、乙唑螨腈对敦煌叶螨雌成螨也显示出较高的毒力,LC_(50)分别为16.593μg/L、18.449μg/L、29.370μg/L;甲氰菊酯对供试敦煌叶螨雌成螨显现出的毒力在9种药剂中最低,LC_(50)为636.291μg/L;其余药剂对供试敦煌叶螨雌成螨的毒力均在上述几种药剂毒力之间,大小分别为哒螨灵104.854μg/L、苯丁锡164.132μg/L、联苯肼酯245.507μg/L、仲丁威435.702μg/L.阿维菌素对截形叶螨雌成螨的毒力最高,LC_(50)为0.203μg/L;哒螨灵、联苯肼酯、螺虫乙酯对截形叶螨雌成螨也显示出较高的毒力,LC_(50)分别为13.801μg/L、19.596μg/L、61.379μg/L;仲丁威对供试截形叶螨雌成螨显现出的毒力在9种药剂中最低,LC_(50)为618.146μg/L;其余药剂对供试截形叶螨雌成螨的毒力均在上述几种药剂毒力之间,大小分别为甲氰菊酯65.974μg/L、乙唑螨腈93.083μg/L、苯丁锡121.919μg/L、乙螨唑182.520μg/L;研究还发现不同种类的叶螨对同种杀螨剂抗药性不同.建议防治敦煌叶螨时,轮换使用阿维菌素、螺虫乙酯、乙螨唑为常规防治药剂;防治截形叶螨时,轮换使用阿维菌素、哒螨灵、联苯肼酯为常规防治药剂.

To clarify the toxic effects of different acaricides on significant cotton mites,Tetranychus dunchuangensis and Tetranychus truncatus in Aksu,Xinjiang,we utilized the slide-dip method recommended by the FAO to investigate the toxicity effects of nine acaricides on two species of spider mites,T.dunchuangensis and T.truncatus in Aksu,Xinjiang.The toxicity of nine acaricides towards female adult T.dunchuangensis increased with rising concentrations of the agents.The results indicated that abamectin demonstrated the highest toxicity against female adult T.dunchuangensis,LC_(50)is 0.0134μg/L.Spirotetramat,etoxazole and cyetpyrafen also exhibited high toxicity,LC_(50)are 16.593μg/L,18.449μg/L,and 29.370μg/L,respectively;Fenpropathrin showed the lowest toxicity among the nine acaricides tested,LC_(50)is 636.291μg/L.The toxicity of the remaining agents against female adult T.dunchuangensis fell between these values,specifically:pyridaben 104.854μg/L,fenbutatin oxide 164.132μg/L,bifenazate 245.507μg/L,and fenobucarb 435.702μg/L.Abamectin also demonstrated the highest toxicity against female adult T.truncatus,LC_(50)is 0.203μg/L.Pyridaben,bifenazate and spirotetramat showed greater toxicity towards T.truncatus,LC_(50)are 13.801μg/L,19.596μg/L,and 61.379μg/L,respectively;Fenobucarb exhibited the lowest toxicity in this group,LC_(50)is 618.146μg/L.The toxicity of the remaining chemicals against female adult T.truncatus fell between these values,rated as fenpropathrin 65.974μg/L,cyetpyrafen 93.083μg/L,fenbutatin oxide 121.919μg/L,and etoxazole 182.520μg/L.The study also found different levels of resistance in various species of spider mites to the same acaricides.We recommend rotating the use of abamectin,spirotetramat and etoxazole as conventional acaricides for the control of T.dunchuangensis;For controlling T.truncatus,it is recommended to rotate the use of abamectin,pyridaben and bifenazate as conventional acaricides.