四川广汉市三星堆遗址祭祀区八号坑发掘简报

The Excavation of Pit K8 in the Sacrificial Area of Sanxingdui Site in Guanghan City,Sichuan

2020年12月至2022年11月,四川省文物考古研究院与北京大学考古文博学院联合完成了对四川广汉三星堆遗址祭祀区八号坑(K8)的发掘。八号坑大致呈长方形,面积约19平方米,是目前三星堆祭祀区面积最大的一座埋藏坑。坑内堆积由上及下可归纳为填土层、灰烬层、间隔层和器物埋藏层四部分。八号坑出土铜器、金器、玉器、石器、骨器、象牙和海贝等不同类型遗物共7397件(组)。碳十四测年数据表明八号坑的掩埋年代有95.4%的概率在公元前1117—前1015年之间,这与坑内出土铜容器所具有的商代晚期特征相吻合,其性质可能是被破坏祭祀器物的掩埋坑。

From December 2020 to November 2022,Sichuan Province Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and School of Archaeology and Museology of Peking University jointly completed the excavation of Pit K8 in the sacrificial area of the Sanxingdui site in Guanghan,Sichuan.Roughly rectangular in shape and covering an area of approximately 19 square meters,pit K8 is currently the largest burial pit in the Sanxingdui ritual area.The deposits in pit K8 can be divided into four layers from top to bottom,namely the fill layer,ash layer,interval layer and artefact burial layer.A total of 7397 pieces(groups) of various types of relics,including bronze,gold,jade,stone,bone,elephant tusks and sea shells,were unearthed from pit K8.Carbon dating data shows that there is a 95.4% probability that the pit K8 was formed between 1117 and 1015 BC,which is consistent with the late Shang Dynasty characteristics of the bronze vessels excavated from the pit.It can be inferred that the pit K8 was a pit for burying ceremonial objects.