不同品种(系)鸡66周龄蛋品质比较研究

Comparative Study on Egg Quality of Different Breeds of Chicken at 66 Weeks of Age

为研究不同品种(系)产蛋后期鸡蛋品质差异,试验以海兰褐、京红1号、文昌鸡和苏禽青壳蛋鸡共4个品种为素材,测定并比较66周龄鸡蛋常规品质、营养品质和矿物元素含量。结果显示:京红1号蛋鸡蛋重、蛋黄重以及蛋壳强度相对较大,均显著高于文昌鸡(P<0.05);文昌鸡和苏禽青壳蛋鸡蛋黄色泽显著高于海兰褐蛋鸡和京红1号蛋鸡(P<0.05);文昌鸡蛋壳厚度和蛋壳强度均最低,显著低于海兰褐蛋鸡和京红1号蛋鸡(P<0.05);苏禽青壳蛋鸡蛋黄比率最大,显著高于海兰褐(P<0.05)。海兰褐蛋鸡鸡蛋脂肪含量、胆固醇含量均最低,显著低于其他品种(P<0.05);苏禽青壳蛋鸡鸡蛋水分含量最低,显著低于海兰褐蛋鸡(P<0.05);文昌鸡和苏禽青壳蛋鸡鸡蛋卵磷脂含量显著高于京红1号蛋鸡和海兰褐蛋鸡(P<0.05)。苏禽青壳蛋鸡鸡蛋中锌含量显著高于京红1号蛋鸡(P<0.05),文昌鸡鸡蛋中钙含量显著高于海兰褐蛋鸡(P<0.05),苏禽青壳蛋鸡和文昌鸡鸡蛋中磷含量显著高于海兰褐蛋鸡和京红1号蛋鸡(P<0.05)。研究表明,66周龄时,京红1号蛋鸡蛋壳质量较优,苏禽青壳蛋鸡的蛋黄品质特征明显,而文昌鸡鸡蛋的矿物质元素含量和卵磷脂等营养品质特征明显。

In order to study the difference of egg quality in the late laying period of different breeds,the conventional quali-ty,nutritional quality and mineral element content of eggs at 66 weeks of age were measured and compared within four breeds,Hy-Line Brown,Jinghong No.1,Wenchang and Suqin green-shelled laying hens.The results showed as follows:the egg weight,yolk weight and eggshell strength of Jinghong No.1 were significantly higher than those of Wenchang chickens(P<0.05);The yolk color of Wenchang chickens and Suqin green-shelled laying hens was significantly higher than that of Hy-Line Brown and Jing-hong No.1(P<0.05).The shell thickness and shell strength of eggs in Wenchang were the lowest,which were significantly lower than those of Hy-Line Brown and Jinghong No.1 laying hens(P<0.05).The yolk ratio of Suqin green-shelled laying hens was the highest,which was significantly higher than that of Hy-Line Brown hens(P<0.05).The fat content and cholesterol content of Hy-Line Brown eggs were the lowest,which were significantly lower than those of other breeds(P<0.05).The water content of Suqin green-shelled laying hens was the lowest,which was significantly lower than that of Hy-Line Brown laying hens(P<0.05).The content of lecithin in eggs of Wenchang chickens and Suqin green-shelled laying hens was significantly higher than that of Jing-hong No.1 and Hy-Line Brown chickens(P<0.05).The zinc content in eggs of Suqin green-shelled laying hens was significantly Hailan than that of Jinghong No.1 laying hens(P<0.05),the calcium content in eggs of Wenchang chicken was significantly higher than that of Hy-Line Brown and Jinghong No.1 laying hens(P<0.05),and the phosphorus content in eggs of Suqin green-shelled laying hens and Wenchang chicken was significantly higher than that of Hy-Line Brown and Jinghong No.1(P<0.05).Among the different chicken breeds,the eggshell quality of Jinghong No.1 laying hens was superior,the yolk quality of Suqin green-shelled laying hens was characterized by significant yolk quality,while the nutritional quality of eggs in Wenchang chicken,such as min-eral element content and lecithin,was characterized by significant nutrient quality.