电催化CO_(2)还原反应铜基催化剂失效机理研究进展

Research Progress on Deactivation Mechanism of Copper-Based Catalysts for Electrocatalytic CO_(2) Reduction Reaction

电化学能量存储与转化技术是能源转型的重要支撑,电催化CO_(2)还原(ECO_(2)RR)可以将可再生能源的电能转换为高附加值燃料和化工原料,对实现“双碳目标”具有重要意义。在ECO_(2)RR反应体系中,来源丰富、成本低廉的Cu基材料因特殊的电子结构和吸附特性被广泛应用。然而,Cu基材料因价态与结构的不稳定性,常导致催化选择性减弱、活性丧失及稳定性欠佳,这阻碍了Cu基催化剂从实验室走向工业化应用的进程。本综述首先介绍了Cu基催化剂的CO_(2)电化学还原机理。随后,总结了Cu基催化剂的失效机理,包括价态变化、表面中毒、催化剂重构等因素,以及相应的优化策略。最后,对Cu基催化剂的应用研究和发展趋势进行了展望。

Electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies are crucial in the transition to sustainable energy.Renewable en⁃ergy-driven electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction(ECO_(2)RR)offers a promising method to convert CO2 into high-value fuels and chemical feed⁃stocks,which is vital for achieving"dual carbon"goals.In the ECO_(2)RR system,copper(Cu)-based materials are widely used due to their abundance,cost-effectiveness,and unique electronic structure and adsorption properties.However,there are still challenges in this field,such as unstable valence states and structures,leading to reduced selectivity,deactivation,and poor stability.These issues hinder their transition from laboratory to industrial applications.This review firstly introduces the mechanism of ECO_(2)RR using Cubased catalysts,and then systematically summarizes the deactivation mechanism of the catalysts,including changes in valence states,surface poisoning,and catalyst reconstruction,along with corresponding optimization strategies.Finally,future research directions and development trends for Cu-based catalysts in practical applications is discussed.