铜烟灰回收制备纳米氧化锌及其吸波特性研究

Preparation of Nano-Sized Zinc Oxide from Copper Ash Recycling and Its Absorption Properties

铜烟灰资源回收对铜冶炼的经济性与环保性有着重要的意义。本文针对铜烟灰设计了一种湿法回收锌并制备纳米氧化锌的流程,初步实现了从铜烟灰回收到吸波材料制备的工艺。首先使用硫酸浸出工艺对烟灰进行处理;再进入除铁与除铜净化流程,制备出高浓度ZnSO4,其中锌平均浸出率达到98.74%;然后以ZnSO4为原料使用直接沉淀法完成前驱体制备;最后通过焙烧细化粒径,使成品粒径低于56 nm。制备过程中,通过升温速率控制颗粒状纳米氧化锌的粒径,得到平均粒径为24~56 nm的样品。在此基础上,对不同粒径纳米氧化锌进行了X波段(8.2~12.4 GHz)与Ku波段(12.4~18 GHz)的吸波性能测试。测试结果表明,平均粒径为56 nm的纳米氧化锌,在8.2~18 GHz频率范围内,吸波反射率低于-10 dB的带宽达到1.47 GHz,初步达到军事工业应用的标准。

The recovery of copper ash resources is of great significance to the economy and green property of copper smelting.In this paper,a process of wet recovery of zinc and preparation of nanometer zinc oxide was designed for copper ash,and the process from copper ash recovery to the preparation of absorbing materials was preliminarily realized.First,sulfuric acid leaching process was used to treat the ash,and then the purification process of iron removal and copper removal was carried out to prepare high-concentration zinc sulfate,and the average zinc leaching rate reached 98.74%.Then zinc sulfate was used as raw material to complete the precursor preparation by direct precipitation method,and the particle size was refined by annealing.The purity of the sample reached 98.7%.In this process,the particle size of nano-sized zinc oxide was controlled by the heating rate,and the samples with an average size of 24~56 nm were obtained.On this basis,the absorption properties of nano-sized zinc oxide with different particle sizes in X-band(8.2~12.4 GHz)and Ku-band(12.4~18 GHz)were studied.The test results showed that for nano-sized zinc oxide with an average particle size of 56 nm,in the frequency range of 8.2~18 GHz,the bandwidth of absorption reflectance below-10 dB reached 1.47 GHz,which initially met the standard of military-industrial application.