利用既有铁路开行市域(郊)列车运输组织和运营管理模式研究

Transport Organization and Management Modes for Suburban Trains on Existing Railways

研究利用既有线开行市域(郊)列车,对于盘活既有铁路资源,扩宽市域(郊)运输市场具有重要的现实意义。结合相关标准规范和典型市域(郊)铁路案例,首先从客流需求、运能富余、工程代价、投融资条件等方面,对既有线开行市域(郊)列车的开行条件进行适应性分析。在此基础上,以提升市域(郊)列车的开行效益为目标,提出多样化开行方案、强化枢纽换乘衔接、推进线路互联互通、非高峰时段参与城市配送等运输组织方案。最后,根据既有线产权和运营权的归属关系,研究对比不同运营管理模式的优劣并判断其适用性。建议在市域(郊)运输发展近远期,对既有线改造升级和市域(郊)开行需求较大的项目,采用委托铁路局集团公司管理模式,既有线产权属于合资公司;对改造升级和市域(郊)开行需求较小的项目,采用政府直接购买服务模式,既有线产权属于铁路局集团公司。远景阶段,受干线列车影响较小的项目,可考虑采用网运分离模式,进一步调动运输市场的积极性。

The study of utilizing existing railways to operate suburban trains is of great practical significance for revitalizing existing railway resources and broadening the suburban transportation market.This paper combined relevant standards with typical cases.Firstly,it analyzed the adaptability of existing railways for operating suburban trains from the aspects of passenger demand,transportation capacity surplus,project costs,and investment conditions.On the basis,to improve the operating efficiency of suburban trains,it put forward transport organization schemes such as diversifying operation schemes,strengthening hub transfer,promoting railway interconnection,and participating in urban distribution during off-peak hours.Finally,considering the ownership relationship between asset rights and operation rights of existing railways,this paper analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the three operation management modes and assessed their applicability.It is suggested that in the short-to-long term development of suburban transportation,a management mode where the national railway group is entrusted for management should be adopted for projects with significant upgrades to existing railways and high demand for suburban operations,with the asset rights of existing railways belonging to joint venture companies.For projects with lower demand for upgrades and suburban operations,a management mode where the government directly purchases services should be adopted,with the asset rights of existing railways belonging to the national railway group.In the long-term stage,for projects less affected by trains on main railways,a mode where the railway network and transportation operations are separated can be considered to stimulate the activity of the transportation market.